{"id":2520,"date":"2024-09-11T20:30:12","date_gmt":"2024-09-11T17:30:12","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/spectrumhouse.com.tr\/?p=2520"},"modified":"2024-09-11T20:30:12","modified_gmt":"2024-09-11T17:30:12","slug":"helwest-u-tegihana-nifsa-z-ya-kurd-a-derbare-kocber-u-penaberan","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/spectrumhouse.com.tr\/ku\/helwest-u-tegihana-nifsa-z-ya-kurd-a-derbare-kocber-u-penaberan\/","title":{"rendered":"Helwest \u00fb T\u00eagihana Nif\u015fa Z Ya Kurd a Derbar\u00ea Ko\u00e7ber \u00fb Penaberan"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">P\u00ca\u015eEK<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u015eert \u00fb merc\u00ean \u015fer \u00fb pev\u00e7\u00fbn\u00ean di her\u00eam\u00ean cuda y\u00ean c\u00eehan\u00ea de berdewam dikin \u00fb faktor\u00ean hawirdor\u00ee, abor\u00ee, xizan\u00ee y\u00ean her ku di\u00e7e z\u00eade dibe, tevger\u00ean \u015f\u00eaniy\u00ean mezin \u00fb cihguhertinan j\u00ee bi xwe re t\u00eene. Tevliheviy\u00ean navxwey\u00ee y\u00ean di sala 2011\u2019an de li Rojhilata Nav\u00een \u00fb bi taybet\u00ee j\u00ee li S\u00fbriyey\u00ea derketin hol\u00ea, di ser\u00ee de li Tirkiyey\u00ea \u00fb p\u00eave gir\u00eaday\u00ee li gelek cih\u00ean c\u00eehan\u00ea d\u00eenam\u00eek\u00ean siyas\u00ee, civak\u00ee, abor\u00ee \u00fb \u00e7and\u00ee bi r\u00eajeyeke mezin guherand. Ev d\u00eenam\u00eek\u00ean ku bi tevger\u00een\u00ean mezin \u00ean \u015f\u00eaniyan \u00fb cihguhertinan bi encam b\u00fbye, bi awayek\u00ee cid\u00ee bandorkirina li ser rew\u015fa Tirkiyey\u00ea ya siyas\u00ee \u00fb civak\u00ee, wek t\u00eagihaneke sosyoloj\u00eek ya n\u00fb derdikeve p\u00ea\u015f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ev xebat, wek berdewama xebata me ya l\u00eakol\u00een\u00ee ya ku me li ser Nif\u015fa Z ya Kurd di navbera 20 Kan\u00fbn 2021 \u2013 10 \u00c7ile 2022\u2019yan de \u00e7\u00eakir\u00ee, ji bo meyl\u00ean wan \u00ean civak\u00ee, pol\u00eet\u00eek, abor\u00ee \u00fb \u00e7and\u00ee bip\u00eevin, rew\u015fa wan a k\u00eafxwe\u015f\u00ee, fikar \u00fb s\u00eawiran\u00ean wan \u00ean ji bo p\u00ea\u015feroj\u00ea derkeveke hol\u00ea hat\u00ee me\u015fandin. Ev be\u015fa l\u00eakol\u00eena me li ser t\u00eagihan \u00fb helwesta Nif\u015fa Z ya Kurd a arastey\u00ee penaber \u00fb ko\u00e7beran b\u00fbye, bip\u00eev\u00een \u00fb faktor\u00ean ku li pi\u015ft van hene radiweste.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ev xebata me ya ku bi daney\u00ean qad\u00ea y\u00ea l\u00eakol\u00eena me ya ku me li ser Nif\u015fa Z a Kurd ber\u00ea \u00e7\u00eakirib\u00fb ve hat\u00ee sentezkirin, di heman dem\u00ea de bi pi\u015ftgir\u00eegirtina l\u00eakol\u00een\u00ean wek v\u00ea \u00fb \u00e7avkaniy\u00ean premier hat\u00ee me\u015fandin \u00fb li ser d\u00eenam\u00eek\u00ean ku n\u00ear\u00een\u00ean wan \u00ean ji aliy\u00ea ko\u00e7ber \u00fb penaberan ve der bar\u00ea \u201cxer\u00eeban\u201d \u00fb \u201cji bo \u00ean din\u201d \u015fikil didin endam\u00ean v\u00ea nif\u015f\u00ea disekine, hewl dide ku plana civak\u00ee, \u00e7and\u00ee \u00fb ps\u00eekoloj\u00eek a li pi\u015ft\u00ee v\u00ea ya der bar\u00ea t\u00eakil\u00ee, meyl, t\u00eagihan \u00fb helwesta eleqedar\u00ea van koman in derx\u00eene hol\u00ea. N\u00fbvey\u00ean l\u00eakol\u00eene bi pirs\u00ean der bar\u00ea penaber \u00fb ko\u00e7beran ve gir\u00eaday\u00ee bi p\u00eanc serniv\u00ees\u00ean bingeh\u00een ve t\u00ea l\u00eakol\u00eenkirin. 1-Dest\u00fbra ciwarb\u00fbn\u00ea, 2-Bandora aboriy\u00ea 3-Bi pa\u015f ve hatin \u015fandin 4- Hemwelat\u00eeb\u00fbn 5- T\u00eakiliy\u00ean civak\u00ee.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ev xebata me ya ku bi daney\u00ean qad\u00ea hat\u00ee pi\u015ftgir\u00eekirin, ne barometreya penaber \u00fb ko\u00e7beran e, ne j\u00ee xebata ku bi awayek spes\u00eef\u00eek li ser S\u00fbriyeyiyan hat\u00ee me\u015fandin e. Em wesa difikirin ku ji bo fehmkirina hesteke fireh a di spektrum\u00ea de ya edam\u00ean Nif\u015fa Z a Kurd \u00ean ku ji ber gelek sedem\u00ean rew\u015fa penaber \u00fb ko\u00e7ber\u00ean ko\u00e7\u00ee Tirkiy\u00ea b\u00fbne yan mecb\u00fbr mane ku ko\u00e7 bikin a stat\u00fbya wan a li welat, p\u00eakvejiyan, entegrasyon, bi pa\u015f ve ver\u00eakirin an j\u00ee t\u00eagihana \u201cbiyaniy\u00ea\u201d, ji aliy\u00ea \u00een\u015fakirina p\u00ea\u015feroj\u00ea de gelek giring e.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Endam\u00ean Nif\u015fa Z a Kurd a ku ji koman, koma her\u00ee d\u00eenam\u00eek a civaka Kurd \u00fb wel\u00eat p\u00eak t\u00eene, komeke wisa ye ku ji sal\u00ean 1990\u2019\u00ee vir de jiy\u00eena valakirina gundan \u00fb ceribandin\u00ean wan \u00ean bi dar\u00ea zor\u00ea ko\u00e7berb\u00fbn\u00ea hene. T\u00eagihan \u00fb helwesta Nif\u015fa Z a Kurd a ku ji ber sedem\u00ean der bar\u00ea bi\u015fibin wan nebe j\u00ee ew penaber \u00fb ko\u00e7ber\u00ean ku p\u00eavajoy\u00ean cih guhertin\u00ean wek van dij\u00een de j\u00ee li gor\u00ee bandora l\u00ean\u00ear\u00eena di welat de \u015fikil digire. Ev rew\u015f j\u00ee ji aliy\u00ea li Tirkiy\u00ea \u00een\u015fakirina p\u00ea\u015feroj\u00ea, parametreyeke giring p\u00eak t\u00eene.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Em wesa h\u00eav\u00ee dikin ku; ev rapora me ya l\u00eakol\u00een\u00ea hem ji aliy\u00ea s\u00eawirandina p\u00ea\u015feroja endam\u00ean Nif\u015fa Z a Kurd de, ji aliy\u00ea n\u00eaz\u00eek\u00ee l\u00eakirina wan a pirsgir\u00eaka penaber \u00fb ko\u00e7beran a real\u00eeteya sosyoloj\u00eek a n\u00fb ya li welat e, hem j\u00ee faktor\u00ean ku di bin de, rista xwe dil\u00eeze b\u00ea fehmkirin tevkiriy\u00ea p\u00eak b\u00eene.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Em minetdariya xwe ji bo wan kesan p\u00ea\u015fk\u00ea\u015f dikin ku bi p\u00ea\u015fniyar \u00fb nirxandin\u00ean xwe h\u00eaz dane v\u00ea l\u00eakol\u00een\u00ea \u00fb ev xebat koord\u00eene kirine, ji ek\u00eeba me ya ku r\u00fb bi r\u00fb hevd\u00eetin me\u015fandine \u00fb ji kes\u00ean ku ji destp\u00eak\u00ea heta daw\u00ee bi fikr\u00ean xwe pir\u015ftgiriya xwe ji me texs\u00eer nekirine.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">KURTEYA R\u00caVEBER<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Ji Gelaw\u00eaja 2022\u2019yan p\u00ea v\u00ea li Tirkiyey\u00ea; wek bi parastina dembor\u00ee, bi parastina navnetewey\u00ee \u00fb milteciy\u00ean bi\u015fert, bi statuy\u00ean cuda \u00fb be\u015feke wan a giring j\u00ea j\u00ee ji S\u00fbriyey\u00ea ne, n\u00eaz\u00ee \u00e7ar milyon penaber \u00fb miltec\u00ee hene (UNHCR, 2022). Ev rapor, t\u00eagihan \u00fb helwesta Nif\u015fa Z a Kurd ya der bar\u00ea penaber \u00fb ko\u00e7ber\u00ean ku li Tirkiy\u00ea dim\u00eenin an j\u00ee li bend\u00ea ne ku li welateke s\u00eayem\u00een b\u00eane bicihkirin, l\u00eakol\u00een dike. Di v\u00ea l\u00eakol\u00een\u00ea de di bin sernav\u00ean; li Tirkiyey\u00ea ji bo penaber \u00fb ko\u00e7beran dest\u00fbra bicihb\u00fby\u00eene day\u00een, bandora penaber \u00fb ko\u00e7beran a li ser aboriya Tirkiyey\u00ea, wan pa\u015fve ver\u00eakirin, li Tirkiyey\u00ea ji bo wan maf\u00ea hemwelat\u00eeb\u00fbn\u00ea day\u00een \u00fb bi penaber \u00fb ko\u00e7beran re t\u00eakiliy\u00ean civak\u00ee y\u00ean dikarin p\u00eak b\u00eenin de; bi 1002 (hezar \u00fb du) ciwan\u00ean ku li Amed\u00ea, Wan\u00ea, \u015eirnex\u00ea, \u00cezm\u00eer\u00ea \u00fb Stenbol\u00ea dij\u00een \u00fb sal\u00ean wan di navbera 18-25\u2019an de ne re, bi mulakat\u00ean r\u00fb bi r\u00fb ji be\u015fdaran hat\u00ee pirs\u00een.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>N\u00fbvey\u00ean l\u00eakol\u00een\u00ea derdixe hol\u00ea ku; be\u015fdar\u00ean Nif\u015fa Z a Kurd bi gelemper\u00ee der bar\u00ea penaber \u00fb ko\u00e7beran de xwed\u00ee t\u00eagihan \u00fb helwesteke ney\u00een\u00ee ne \u00fb sedem\u00ean din van de ne j\u00ee hem li welat n\u00ear\u00eena li hember penaber \u00fb ko\u00e7beran e, hem j\u00ee \u015fert \u00fb merc\u00ean dijwar \u00ean sosyopol\u00eet\u00eek \u00fb sosyoekonom\u00eek \u00ean ku be\u015fdar di nav de ne. Faktor\u00ean wek\u00ee; ceribandina ko\u00e7beriya hundir\u00een, li bajar\u00ean ku cudahiya p\u00ea\u015fketina sosyoekonom\u00eek \u00fb sosyo\u00e7and\u00ee bilind in de jiy\u00een \u00fb bilindb\u00fbna asta perwerdehiy\u00ea j\u00ee t\u00eagihan \u00fb helwesta der bar\u00ea penaber \u00fb ko\u00e7beran de h\u00een ba\u015ftir ji aliy\u00ea er\u00ean\u00ee ve bibandor dike. Bi v\u00ea re be\u015fdar\u00ean jin li gor\u00ee m\u00earan hinek din k\u00eam di nava helwesteke ney\u00een\u00ee de ne. Ji be\u015feke giring ya be\u015fdaran dema, maf\u00ean penaber \u00fb ko\u00e7beran dinirx\u00eenin \u201cn\u00eaz\u00eek\u00eel\u00eakirina mafan a bingeh\u00een\u201d wek p\u00ea\u015fan\u00ee negirtina wan fikardar e. Ji aliy\u00ea din ve kes\u00ean ku pi\u015ftgir\u00ee didin maf\u00ean penaber \u00fb ko\u00e7beran bi gelemper\u00ee v\u00ea bi awayek\u00ee lihevkir\u00ee \u00fb pevray\u00ee dinirx\u00eenin \u00fb ji maf\u00ean din \u00ean li jor behsa wan t\u00ea kirin j\u00ee p\u00eak t\u00eenin.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Kes\u00ean ku xwe a\u00eed\u00ee tu ol\u00ea h\u00ees nakin, li gor\u00ee kes\u00ean ku xwe a\u00eed\u00ee olek\u00ea h\u00ees dikin (Ku piraniya v\u00ea kom\u00ea beyan dikin ku ew bi \u00ceslamiyet\u00ea baweriya xwe t\u00eenin.) h\u00een z\u00eadetir pi\u015ftgir\u00ee didin maf\u00ean penaber \u00fb ko\u00e7beran. Mirov dikare bib\u00eaje ku; di v\u00ee mijar\u00ea de hevk\u00ea\u015fiya ensar-muhacir a ku hukumet bi taybet\u00ee ji bo penaber\u00ean S\u00fbriyey\u00ea t\u00eene ziman j\u00ee, di nav Nif\u015fa Z a Kurd \u00ean ku beyan dikin ku ew bi \u00ceslamiyet\u00ea bawer dikin de j\u00ee z\u00eade beramber\u00ee ned\u00eetiye.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>T\u00ea d\u00eetin ku; her \u00e7iqas ku ev l\u00eakol\u00een; bi l\u00eakol\u00een\u00ean ku h\u00een ber\u00ea li ser Nif\u015fa Z li Tirkiy\u00ea hat\u00ee kirin re encam\u00ean wek hev derxistibe hol\u00ea j\u00ee \u00fb ji aliy\u00ea be\u015fdaran ve ji bo \u00eest\u00eehdam, aramiya civak\u00ea \u00fb refaha xwe penebar \u00fb ko\u00e7beran wek\u00ee r\u00eesk an j\u00ee tehd\u00eed d\u00eetin \u00fb heta v\u00ea li ser \u015fa\u015fitiy\u00ean ku wek\u00ee rast\u00ee t\u00ea zan\u00een vegotina wan; dide xuyakirin ku; taybetiy\u00ean wek \u201cazad\u00eepar\u00eaz\u00ee\u201d, \u201cji cudahiyan re vekir\u00ee\u201d \u00fb \u201cafir\u00eener\u201d \u00ean ku ji bo nif\u015f\u00ean Z hat\u00ee atifkirin dema penarber \u00fb ko\u00e7ber dibe mijar risteke pir z\u00eade kr\u00eet\u00eek dil\u00eeze.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ya daw\u00een j\u00ee ev rapor; bi esasgirtina n\u00fbveyan \u00fb nirxandina der bar\u00ea n\u00fbvenyan a l\u00eakol\u00een\u00ea de; ji hukumet\u00ea re, ji partiy\u00ean muxalefet\u00ea re, ji lijney\u00ean siv\u00eel \u00ean civak\u00ea y\u00ean xwecih\u00ee \u00fb navnetewy\u00ee re, ji r\u00eaxistin\u00ean al\u00eekariya mirov\u00ee re, ji raya gi\u015ft\u00ee re \u00fb ji siyaset\u00e7\u00eakeran re r\u00eaze p\u00ea\u015fniyan p\u00ea\u015fk\u00ea\u015f dike.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Pa\u015fxane<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Li gor\u00ee daney\u00ean Kom\u00eeseriya Bilind a Penaberan a Netewey\u00ean Yekb\u00fby\u00ee (KBMNY) ji Adara 2020\u2019\u00ee p\u00eave \u00e7ar milyon penaber \u00fb miltec\u00ee li Tirkiyey\u00ea qeydkir\u00ee t\u00ea d\u00eetin. Ji van \u015f\u00eaniyan k\u00eam-z\u00eade; 3,7 milyon hemwelatiy\u00ean S\u00fbriyey\u00ea, 167.325 kes hemwelatiy\u00ean Iraq\u00ea, 129,323 kes hemwelatiy\u00ean Afxanistan\u00ea, 24.300 kes j\u00ee hemwelatiy\u00ean \u00ceran\u00ea ne (UNHCR). Kes\u00ean li Tirkiyey\u00ea dim\u00eenin \u00fb di ser\u00ee de S\u00fbriye \u00fb Afxanistan di nav de penaber \u00fb ko\u00e7ber\u00ean ji welat\u00ean cuda cuda hatine, pi\u015ft\u00ee \u015fer\u00ea navxwey\u00ee \u00fb xizaniya aboriy\u00ea p\u00eave her\u00ee z\u00eade pirsgir\u00eak\u00ean ku r\u00fb bi r\u00fb dim\u00eenin j\u00ea yek j\u00ee, helwesta \u015f\u00eedeta neteweperest \u00fb dijminkirin a ku ji aliy\u00ea civaka xwecih\u00ee \u00fb siyasetmedaran ve bi awayek\u00ee rasterast (F\u00eez\u00eek an\/an j\u00ee ps\u00eekoloj\u00eek), bingeh\u00een, \u00e7and\u00ee\/sembol\u00eek (Galtung,1990) j\u00ee di nav xwe de dihew\u00eene t\u00ea p\u00eakan\u00een (Duman, 2022). Her \u00e7iqas ku civaka xwecih\u00ee, penaber \u00fb ko\u00e7ber di p\u00eadiviy\u00ean kesane \u00fb kolekt\u00eef \u00fb di zehmetiyan de hevpar bin j\u00ee, rew\u015fa Tirkiyey\u00ea di nav de ye, ya kr\u00eeza abor\u00ee, bendbend\u00eeb\u00fbn\u00ea, n\u00eaz\u00eekb\u00fbna hilbijartinan \u00fb hem z\u00eade dir\u00eaj domandin \u00fb hem j\u00ee p\u00eakhatina ko\u00e7\u00ean n\u00fb y\u00ean penaber \u00fb ko\u00e7beran, di nav civak\u00ean xwecih\u00ee de li hember van koman her ku di\u00e7e t\u00fbjb\u00fbna helwest\u00ean hey\u00ee bi xwe re t\u00eene.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Xebat\u00ean hey\u00ee dide xuyakirin ku civaka xwecih\u00ee ji aliy\u00ea ragihandin \u00fb t\u00eakil\u00ee gir\u00eadana bi penaran re d\u00fbr disekine, ji bidestxistina hemwelatiya wan re \u00eetiraz dikin, an j\u00ee dema li welat\u00ea wan \u015fer bi daw\u00ee b\u00fb wan bi\u015f\u00eenin welat\u00ea wan an j\u00ee div\u00ea li welatek\u00ee s\u00eayem\u00een b\u00eane bicihkirin, li gor\u00ee wan penaber \u00fb ko\u00e7ber zerar\u00ea didin abor\u00ee \u00fb nirx\u00ean civak\u00ee y\u00ean Tirkiyey\u00ea, ew bi b\u00ee away\u00ee difikirin. (Erdo\u011fan, 2020; \u015ear ve Kuru, 2020; Duman, 2021; Ruhavio\u011flu ve di\u011ferleri, 2022).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Tirkiye dema bi 27 welat\u00ean Yek\u00eetiya Ewropay\u00ea re t\u00ea qiyaskirin, welatek\u00ee xwed\u00ee r\u00eajeya her\u00ee bilind a ciwanan a li Ewropay\u00ea ye (TU\u00ceK, 2022). Nif\u015f\u00ean Kurd \u00ean ciwan \u00ean ku be\u015fa giring a nif\u015f\u00ean ciwan \u00ean li Tirkiyey\u00ea p\u00eak t\u00eenin; ji aliy\u00ea fehmkirina d\u00eenam\u00eezma ciwantiy\u00ea ve h\u00eem\u00ean her\u00ee bingeh\u00een j\u00ea yek\u00ee p\u00eak t\u00eenin. Li gor\u00ee daney\u00ean TU\u00ceK\u2019\u00ea ji sala 2021\u2019an p\u00ea ve di nava \u015f\u00eaniy\u00ean Tirkiyey\u00ea de bi tevah\u00ee (84 milyon 680 hezar 273 kes), r\u00eajeya \u015f\u00eaniy\u00ean koma ciwan\u00ean sal\u00ean wan di navbera 15-24\u2019an de ne 12 milyon 971 hezar 289 kes in. Li gor\u00ee van daneyan \u015f\u00eaniy\u00ean ciwan, ji sed\u00ee 15,3 y\u00ean tevahiya \u015f\u00eaniyan p\u00eak t\u00eenin. Li gor\u00ee S\u00eestema Qey\u00eetkirin\u00ea ya Li Gor\u00ee Navn\u00ee\u015fan\u00ea ya sala 2021\u2019an s\u00ea bajar\u00ean p\u00ea\u015f\u00een \u00ean ku her\u00ee z\u00eade \u015f\u00eaniy\u00ean ciwan l\u00ea dij\u00een ji wan \u00ean ku \u015f\u00eaniy\u00ean Kurd piraniya wan p\u00eak t\u00eenin ji %22,8 Colem\u00earg, ji %22,1 \u015eirnex \u00fb ji %21,8 j\u00ee S\u00eart e. Dema em li bajar\u00ean din \u00ean ku \u015f\u00eaniy\u00ean ciwan her\u00ee z\u00eade l\u00ea ne dinih\u00earin bi r\u00eaze d\u00eesa bajar\u00ean ku \u015f\u00eaniy\u00ean Kurd di piraniy\u00ea de ne an j\u00ee l\u00ea z\u00eade ne; bajar\u00ean wek\u00ee Agir\u00ee, M\u00fb\u015f, Wan, \u00calih, Bedl\u00ees, M\u00eard\u00een, Riha, \u00cedir, Erzerom, Amed, Qers, \u00c7ewl\u00eeg, D\u00eelok \u00fb Sems\u00fbr cih digirin. Di nava 18 bajar\u00ean ku \u015f\u00eaniy\u00ean Kurd z\u00eade l\u00ea ne de, r\u00eajeya \u015f\u00eaniy\u00ean ciwan \u00ean ku sal\u00ean wan di navbera 15-29\u2019an de ne r\u00eaje her \u00e7iqas ku ji %28,1 be j\u00ee li bajar\u00ean din ev r\u00eaje ji %22,4 e.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ev xebat li ser; faktor\u00ean ku bi sosyoekonom\u00eek, sosyopol\u00eet\u00eek \u00fb sosyops\u00eekoloj\u00eek \u00ean der bar\u00ea t\u00eagihan \u00fb eleqedar\u00ea t\u00eagihana Nif\u015fa Z a Kurd in, y\u00ean der bar\u00ea; ji ber sedem\u00ean zehmetiy\u00ean sosyoekonom\u00eek \u00fb pev\u00e7\u00fbn\u00ean bi\u00e7ek ko\u00e7\u00ee Tirkiyey\u00ea kirin \u00fb bicihb\u00fbna penaber \u00fb ko\u00e7beran, bandora kes\u00ean bi cih b\u00fbne ya li ser aboriya Tirkiyey\u00ea, bi pa\u015f ve li welat\u00ea wan vegerandina penaber \u00fb ko\u00e7ber\u00ean ku xetereya jiyaniy\u00ea hebe \u00fb b\u00ea zan\u00een, ji bo kes\u00ean bi stat\u00fby\u00ean cuda cuda bi awayek\u00ee dembor\u00ee li Tirkiyey\u00ea mane maf\u00ea hemwelatb\u00fby\u00een\u00ea day\u00een \u00fb di k\u00eejan r\u00eajey\u00ea de dikarin bi penaber \u00fb ko\u00e7beran re t\u00eakil\u00ee gire bidin de l\u00eakol\u00een dike.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Li Tirkiyey\u00ea L\u00eakol\u00een\u00ean Nif\u015fa Z<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Em dib\u00eenin ku; ven\u00ear\u00eena raya gel a ku di demek n\u00eaz\u00eek de li ser Nif\u015fa Z hat\u00ee kirin<sup><a href=\"#footnote-004\">1<\/a>,<a href=\"#footnote-003\">2<\/a><\/sup>, j\u00ea w\u00eadetir c\u00eehana kar a v\u00ea nif\u015f\u00ea, fikara wan a p\u00ea\u015feroj\u00ea \u00fb n\u00ear\u00eena wan a der bar\u00ea cudakariya gelemper\u00ee de (Delo\u00eette, 2021) \u00fb ji aliy\u00ea pi\u015ftgir\u00eedayin\u00ea ve meyla wan li ser k\u00eejan partiy\u00ea ye (ORC, 2022), dema me l\u00eakol\u00een dikir t\u00eaz\u00ean<sup><a href=\"#footnote-002\">3<\/a><\/sup>&nbsp;ku di asta l\u00eesansa bilind \u00fb doktoray\u00ea de hat\u00ee niv\u00ees\u00een j\u00ee di perspekt\u00eefeke firehtir de v\u00ea Nif\u015f\u00ea l\u00eakol\u00een dikir. Di nav van de bikaran\u00eena medyaya civak\u00ee di ser\u00ee de; h\u00eenb\u00fbn\u00eey\u00ean wan \u00ean berxwarin\u00ea, t\u00eagihana ol\u00ee, jiyana kar, p\u00ea\u015feng\u00eet\u00ee, k\u00eafxwe\u015fiya ji jiyan\u00ea-fikara p\u00ea\u015feroj\u00ea \u00fb perspekt\u00eef\u00ean kariyer\u00ee di nava mijaran de cih digirin. Bi hejmareke zehf k\u00eam l\u00eakol\u00een\u00ean ku n\u00ear\u00eena Nif\u015fa Z ya der bar\u00ea penaber \u00fb ko\u00e7beran de hat\u00ee vekolandin hene. L\u00eakol\u00eena ku ji aliy\u00ea Yilmaz \u00fb Guler ve (2020a) li ser l\u00ean\u00ear\u00eena Nif\u015fa Z ya der bar\u00ea \u00eestihdama ko\u00e7beran de vekolane dide xuyakirin ku, be\u015feke mezin ya be\u015fdaran bi taybet j\u00ee der bar\u00ea \u00eestihdamkirina penaber\u00ean ciwan \u00ean S\u00fbriyey\u00ea de, wesa bawer dikin ku derfet\u00ean kar teng dikin \u00fb reqabet\u00ea z\u00eade dikin, ji ber w\u00ea j\u00ee ev nif\u015f v\u00ea wek faktora fikar\u00ea dib\u00eenin. L\u00eakol\u00eeneke din ya ku di heman sal\u00ea de \u00e7\u00eakirine j\u00ee dide xuyakirin piraniya be\u015fdaran wesa difikirin ku; li Tirkiyey\u00ea bicihb\u00fby\u00eena S\u00fbriyeyiyan nerast e (%76) \u00fb pol\u00eet\u00eekay\u00ean der bar\u00ea v\u00ea de k\u00eam in (%76,3), S\u00fbriyey\u00ee aramiya civak\u00ea ya li welat xerab dikin (%82,4) \u00fb di mijara maf\u00ea civak\u00ee de ji S\u00fbriyeyiyan re bi \u00eemt\u00eeyaz n\u00eaz\u00eek dibin (78,2). (Yilmaz \u00fb Guler, 2020b)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Li gor\u00ee l\u00eakol\u00eena Konrad-Adenauer-Stiftung (Sermawez, 2022) j\u00ee daye ni\u015fandan ku piraniya be\u015fdaran di fikra; pol\u00eet\u00eekaya dewlet\u00ea ya ko\u00e7beran rast nerast e (%80,4), div\u00ea S\u00fbriyey\u00ee ji Tirkiy\u00ea b\u00eane \u015fandin (%76,7), \u00fb dema ku S\u00fbriyey\u00ee li Tirkiy\u00ea bim\u00eenin ji ber cudab\u00fbna \u00e7and \u00fb \u015f\u00eaweya jiyan\u00ea, d\u00ea nekaribin li Tirkiyey\u00ea guncaniy\u00ea p\u00eak b\u00eenin. Di heman l\u00eakol\u00een\u00ea de derdikeve hol\u00ea ku; ji be\u015fdaran ji sed\u00ee \u00e7aran yek di w\u00ea baweriy\u00ea de ne ku; div\u00ea ji S\u00fbriyeyiyan re ten\u00ea di aliy\u00ea tendirust\u00ee \u00fb zad de al\u00eekar\u00ee b\u00ea kirin \u00fb di mijar\u00ean din de div\u00ea al\u00eekar\u00ee ney\u00ea kirin (%26,6) \u00fb ko\u00e7ber\u00ean ku ji welat\u00ean din hatine, bi taybet\u00ee j\u00ee S\u00fbriyey\u00ee b\u00fbne sedema b\u00eakarb\u00fbn\u00ea (%25,1) (Sermawez, 2022). Ya daw\u00een j\u00ee, li gor\u00ee l\u00eakol\u00eena Varkey Foundation a Nif\u015fa Z dide n\u00ee\u015fandan ku; ji be\u015fdaran ji sed\u00ee s\u00eayan yek (%31) wesa bawer dikin ku; div\u00ea ko\u00e7ber\u00ean \u201czagon\u00ee\u201d b\u00eane Tirkiy\u00ea \u00fb \u015fert \u00fb merc\u00ean xebit\u00een\u00ea div\u00ea b\u00ean girankirin (Broadbent \u00fb y\u00ean din, 2017). Ji sed\u00ee \u00e7aran \u00ea be\u015fdaran (%23) j\u00ee wesa difikirin ku; div\u00ea ev p\u00eavajo b\u00ea h\u00easankirin (Varkey Foundation, 2017). Di heman l\u00eakol\u00een\u00ea de derdikeve hol\u00ea ku ji be\u015fdaran hema hema n\u00eev\u00ea wan (%49) wesa bawer dikin ku; Tirkiye ji bo \u201cKr\u00eeza ko\u00e7\u00ea ya c\u00eehan\u00ea\u201d t\u00eara xwe hewl dide (Broadbent \u00fb y\u00ean din, 2017).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Dema mirov ji l\u00eakol\u00een\u00ean k\u00eam\u00eeneya \u00ean t\u00eagihan \u00fb helwesta Nif\u015fa Z ya der bar\u00ea penaber \u00fb ko\u00e7beran de l\u00ea h\u00fbr b\u00fbye bi ketina r\u00ea ve gir\u00eaday\u00ee di tesp\u00eetkirina \u00e7end nuxteyan de feyde heye. Berevaj\u00ee n\u00fbvey\u00ean hey\u00ee y\u00ean c\u00eehan\u00ee an j\u00ee xebat\u00ean pirnetewey\u00ee (sparks &amp; honey, 2020; Deloitte, 2022), li Tirkiyey\u00ea ferd\u00ean Nif\u015fa Z di cih\u00ea kar de \u00fb di jiyana civak\u00ee de ji aliy\u00ea cih\u00earengiya \u00e7and\u00ee \u00fb hem\u00fbgir\u00eet\u00ee ve dema penaber \u00fb ko\u00e7ber dibin mijar t\u00ea d\u00eetin ku ji ned\u00eet\u00ee ve t\u00ean. Ji bil\u00ee v\u00ea t\u00ea d\u00eetin ku; li Tirkiy\u00ea Nif\u015fa Z, bey\u00ee ku li r\u00eabaza hatina welat wan \u201clegal\u201d e an ne legal e binih\u00eare, di mijara li welat may\u00eena penaber \u00fb ko\u00e7beran de helwesta wan a gelemper\u00ee ney\u00een\u00ee ye \u00fb di mijara di demek n\u00eaz\u00eek de \u015fandina wan a S\u00fbriyey\u00ea yan j\u00ee \u015fandina wan a welatek\u00ee s\u00eay\u00eam\u00een de j\u00ee hemfikir in.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Me wek Spectrum Hous\u00ea bi aramanca; t\u00eagihan \u00fb helwesta be\u015fdaran ya der bar\u00ea penaber \u00fb ko\u00e7beran de derx\u00eenin hol\u00ea \u00fb ji bo ji qad\u00ea re ji hin aliyan ve tevkir\u00ee p\u00eak b\u00eenin, me hin daney\u00ean xebata ji l\u00eakol\u00eena Nif\u015fa Z a Kurd a ku me hin ber\u00ea der bar\u00ea penaber \u00fb ko\u00e7beran de we\u015fandib\u00fb (Spectrum House, 2022), bi kar an\u00ee. Ber\u00ea p\u00ea\u015f\u00een be\u015feke xebatan ya mezin a ku li Tirkiyey\u00ea hat\u00ee kirin, endam\u00ean Nif\u015fa Z berevaj\u00ee rastiya civak\u00ee bi awayek\u00ee homojen digire dest. Ev l\u00eakol\u00een j\u00ee li ser endam\u00ean civaka Kurd \u00ean wek komeke hindikay\u00ee ne \u00fb bi pol\u00eet\u00eekay\u00ean cudakar\u00ee \u00ean bi \u015f\u00eawaz\u00ean cuda, bi sepanan \u00fb bi helwest\u00ean n\u00eejadperest\u00ee re r\u00fb bi r\u00fb mane, helwest\u00ean wan \u00ean der bar\u00ea penaber \u00fb ko\u00e7ber\u00ean ku bi cudakariy\u00ean wek v\u00ea \u00fb pol\u00eet\u00eekay\u00ean n\u00eejadperest\u00ee, sepan \u00fb bi helwestan re r\u00fb bi r\u00fb mane l\u00eakol\u00een dike. Dema v\u00ea dike j\u00ee, rastiya civaka Kurd a di rew\u015fa heterojenb\u00fbn\u00ea de j\u00ee qeb\u00fbl dike. Ji bil\u00ee v\u00ea be\u015feke giring ya xebata hey\u00ee ten\u00ea q\u00eema xwe bi be\u015fdar di mijar\u00ean diyar de \u00e7i difikirin tesb\u00eet bike, t\u00eene. Ev xebat j\u00ee wesa hewl dide ku t\u00eagin \u00fb helwesta be\u015fdaran bi k\u00eejan faktor\u00ean siyas\u00ee, abor\u00ee, civak\u00ee \u00fb ps\u00eekoloj\u00eek ve t\u00eakildar in derx\u00eene hol\u00ea.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">R\u00eabaz<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Di \u00e7ar\u00e7oveya l\u00eakol\u00een\u00ea de; tevah\u00ee bi 1.002 ciwan\u00ean xwe wek Kurd p\u00eanase dikin \u00fb sal\u00ean wan di navbera 18-25\u2019an de ne, li s\u00ea bajar\u00ean Kurd \u00ean xwed\u00ee \u015f\u00eaniy\u00ean her\u00ee ciwan in, \u00ean wek; Amed, Wan, \u015eirnex bi tev\u00ee \u00cezm\u00eer \u00fb Stenbol\u00ea, di 28 her\u00eam\u00ean m\u00eenakdar de me xebata v\u00ea anket\u00ea p\u00eak an\u00ee. Xebata anket\u00ea di navbera d\u00eeroka 20 Kan\u00fbn 2021 \u2013 10 \u00c7ile 2022\u2019yan de li gor\u00ee pergala Nomenclature of Territorial Units for Statistics (NUTS2)\u2019\u00ea bi bikaran\u00eena form\u00ean pirs l\u00ea \u00e7apkir\u00ee \u00fb c\u00eehaz\u00ean biaqil r\u00fb bi r\u00fb hat p\u00eakan\u00een. R\u00eajeya para xetay\u00ea ya n\u00fbvey\u00ean l\u00eakol\u00een\u00ea di navbera baweriy\u00ea de ji sed\u00ee 95 +\/- 1,7 e. Di xebat\u00ea de agahiy\u00ean wek\u00ee; li ser nav\u00ea Spectrum House\u00ea der bar\u00ea n\u00ear\u00een\u00ean Nif\u015fa Z a Kurd de&nbsp;d\u00ea ev anket b\u00ea p\u00eakan\u00een, be\u015fdariya anket\u00ee&nbsp;d\u00ea bi temam\u00ee xwe bisp\u00eare esas\u00ean dilxwaziy\u00ea, li gor\u00ee daxwaz\u00ea d\u00ea bikaribin berdewam bikin an j\u00ee dema nexwazin d\u00ea bikaribin anket\u00ea bi daw\u00ee bikin, hem\u00fb agay\u00ean ku hat\u00ee day\u00een&nbsp;d\u00ea ve\u015far\u00ee bim\u00eene \u00fb bi tu away\u00ee bi&nbsp;kes\u00ean s\u00eayem\u00een re ney\u00ean parvekirin, agahiy\u00ean nasnamey\u00ea d\u00ea ney\u00ea girtin \u00fb di berdewama l\u00eakol\u00eene de d\u00ea ve\u015far\u00eet\u00ee esas b\u00ea girtin, ji bo be\u015fdaran hat day\u00een \u00fb dest\u00fbra wan hat girtin.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Bi agahiy\u00ean demografik y\u00ean wek\u00ee; sal, cinsiyet, asta perwerdehiy\u00ea, asta dahat\u00fby\u00ea, rew\u015fa xebat\u00ea, a\u00eediyeta ol\u00ee \u00fb ziman\u00ea ku di mal de t\u00ea axaftin, re (li Tablo 1 bin\u00earin) pirs\u00ean li j\u00ear ji be\u015fdaran hat\u00ea pirs\u00een. Her \u00e7iqas ku pirs\u00ean bi esas\u00ea p\u00eevan\u00ee y\u00ean hat\u00ee pirs\u00een ji hinek\u00ean wan p\u00ea\u015f\u00eevekir\u00ee bin j\u00ee, y\u00ean din p\u00ea\u015f\u00ee girt\u00ee b\u00fbn (er\u00ea\/na) (Ji yeke heta p\u00eancan).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Bi pirs\u00ean der bar\u00ea penaber \u00fb ko\u00e7beran de&nbsp;j\u00ee t\u00eagihan \u00fb helwesta be\u015fdaran ya bi p\u00eanc temay\u00ean&nbsp;bingeh\u00een&nbsp;\u00ean&nbsp;der bar\u00ea penaber \u00fb ko\u00e7beran de l\u00eakol\u00eenkirin\u00ea esas hat girtin. Pi\u015ft\u00ee ji van her duy\u00ean p\u00ea\u015f\u00een dema be\u015fdar bersiv\u00ea da hema pirsa \u201c\u00e7ima\u201d hat pirs\u00een, bi v\u00ea j\u00ee me xwest ku sedem\u00ean di bin tercih\u00ean wan de \u00e7i ne veb\u00eajin.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><em>Gelo mirov\u00ean ku rew\u015fa wan a sosyoekonom<\/em><em>\u00eek xerab in an\/an j\u00ee ji her\u00eam\u00ean pev\u00e7\u00fbn\u00ea ne,&nbsp;<\/em><strong><em>dest\u00fbra bicihb\u00fbna<\/em><\/strong><em>&nbsp;van penaber \u00fb ko\u00e7beran a li Tirkiyey<\/em><em>\u00ea&nbsp;<\/em><em>b\u00ea&nbsp;<\/em><strong><em>day\u00een<\/em><\/strong><em>&nbsp;an na?(1=Bi tu away\u00ee div\u00ea dest\u00fbr ney\u00ea day\u00een \u2013 5=Teqez div\u00ea dest\u00fbr b\u00ea day\u00een)<\/em><\/li><li><em>Li gor\u00ee we mirov\u00ean ku rew\u015fa wan a sosyoekonom<\/em><em>\u00eek xerab in an\/an j\u00ee ji her\u00eam\u00ean pev\u00e7\u00fbn\u00ea ne, wek penaber \u00fb ko\u00e7ber bicihb\u00fbna wan a li Tirkiy<\/em><em>ey<\/em><em>\u00ea, gelo bi gelemper\u00ee ji bo&nbsp;<\/em><strong><em>aboriya<\/em><\/strong><em>&nbsp;Tirkiyey<\/em><em>\u00ea xerab dibe an j\u00ee ba\u015f dibe? \u0661=Zehf xerab dibe \u2013 \u0665= Zehf ba\u015f dibe)<\/em><\/li><li><em>Li gor\u00ee Peymana Cenevrey\u00ea ya 1951\u2019an \u00fb Tirkiyey<\/em><em>\u00ea j\u00ee \u00eemze kir\u00ee, div\u00ea penaber\u00ean ku xeteraya wan a jiyan\u00ee li welat\u00ea ku j\u00ea hat\u00ee hebe bi zor\u00ea li welat\u00ea wan nay\u00ean vegerandin. Li gor\u00ee we penaber\u00ean li Tirkiy<\/em><em>ey<\/em><em>\u00ea y\u00ean ku di v\u00ee rew\u015f\u00ea de ne&nbsp;<\/em><em>(S\u00fbriyey\u00ee, Afgan\u00ee, Iraq\u00ee, \u00ceran\u00ee, Somal\u00eey\u00ee hwd.) ligel v\u00ea j\u00ee div\u00ea bi pa\u015f ve&nbsp;<\/em><strong><em>li welat\u00ean wan b\u00eane vegerandin&nbsp;<\/em><\/strong><em>an na? 1=Teqez div\u00ea b\u00eane \u015fandin. \u2013 5= Teqez div\u00ea ney\u00ean \u015fandin)<\/em><\/li><li><em>Li gor\u00ee \u00eestat\u00eest\u00eek\u00ean Kom\u00eeseriya Bilind a Penaberan a Netewey\u00ean Yekgirt\u00ee (KBPNY), piraniya penaber<\/em><em>\u00ean ku bi ko\u00e7a mecb\u00fbr\u00ee li welatek\u00ee din bi cih b\u00fbne \u00fb ji bo wan statuya<\/em><em>&nbsp;miltec<\/em><em>\u00eetiy\u00ea hat\u00ee day\u00een<\/em><em>&nbsp;li welat\u00ea ku \u00e7\u00fbne dim\u00eenin. Ji bo hem\u00fb penaber\u00ean ku li Tirkiy\u00ea ne \u00fb di bin parastina dembor\u00ee \u00fb parastina navnetewey\u00ee de ne, dema li welat bim\u00eenin ji bo wan&nbsp;<\/em><strong><em>hemwelat\u00eet\u00ee&nbsp;<\/em><\/strong><em>b\u00ea day\u00een an ney\u00ea day\u00een? (a-Div\u00ea ji bo tu kes\u00ee ney\u00ea day\u00een, b-Div\u00ea ten\u00ea ji bo kes\u00ean perwerde d\u00eet\u00ee b\u00ea day\u00een, c-Div\u00ea ten\u00ea ji bo kes\u00ean ku dikarin razemeniy\u00ea bikin b\u00ea day\u00een, d-Div\u00ea ji bo hem\u00fbyan b\u00ea day\u00een)<\/em><\/li><li><em>H\u00fbn bi penaber\u00ean ku li Tirkiyey<\/em><em>\u00ea dim\u00eenin re dikarin ji t\u00eakiliy\u00ean li j\u00ear k\u00eejanan p\u00eak b\u00eenin? (a-Hevaltiya n\u00eaz\u00eek, b-C\u00eerant\u00ee, c-Xo\u015fewist\u00ee (hezkir\u00eet\u00ee), d-Zewac, e-Hevaltiya mal\u00ea, f-Hevaltiya kar).<\/em><\/li><li><em>Hejmara form\u00ean t\u00eakil\u00eegir\u00eadana civak\u00ee y\u00ean dikarin p\u00eak b\u00eenin hat komkirin \u00fb ji bo be\u015fdaran bi guherbariya di navbera 0-6an de \u201cskora sosyo-n\u00eaz\u00eektiy\u00ea\u201d hat hesabkirin.<\/em><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Pirs\u00ean bingeh\u00een \u00ean ku di anket\u00ea de cih digirin \u00fb y\u00ean ku em wesa&nbsp;difikirin ku d\u00ea ji bo ku em bikarin t\u00eagihan \u00fb helwesta be\u015fdaran a der bar\u00ea penaber \u00fb ko\u00e7beran de veb\u00eajin bibe alikar j\u00ee wek li y\u00ean j\u00ear in. Hem\u00fb bersiv\u00ean ku ji bo van pirsan hat\u00ee day\u00een, di rapora bi nav\u00ea Nif\u015fa Z a Kurd ku me h\u00een ber\u00ea we\u015fandib\u00fb de hat parvekirin; ev xebat j\u00ee li ser t\u00eagih\u00ee\u015ftina t\u00eakiliy\u00ean bersiv\u00ean pirsan \u00ean der bar\u00ea penaber \u00fb ko\u00e7beran de li jor bersiv\u00ean wan hatib\u00fb day\u00een disekine.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><em>Di van rojan de h\u00fbn ji jiyana xwe \u00e7iqas k\u00eafxwe\u015f in? (1 = Qet ne k\u00eafxwe\u015f im \u2013 5 = Zehf k\u00eafxwe\u015f im)<\/em><\/li><li><em>H\u00fbn ji bajar\u00ean ku l\u00ea dij\u00een \u00e7iqas k\u00eafxwe\u015f in? (1 = Qet ne k\u00eafxwe\u015f im \u2013 5 = Zehf k\u00eafxwe\u015f im)<\/em><\/li><li><em>H\u00fbn dikarin ji bo saziy\u00ean ku ez \u00ea li j\u00ear bijm\u00ear\u00eem \u00fb li gor\u00ee ji k\u00eejan\u00ea \u00e7iqas bawer dikin, puan bidin\u00ea? (a-Serokkomart\u00ee, b-Mecl\u00eesa Gel a Mezin a Tirkiy\u00ea (TBMM), c-Dar\u00eaz\u00ee, d-Le\u015fker, e-Partiy\u00ean siyas\u00ee, f-\u015earedar\u00ee, g-Akadem\u00ee\/Zan\u00eengeh, h-Lijneya Zanist\u00ea, i- Yekitiya Ewropay\u00ea , j-Koma miletan (BM), k-Dadgeha Maf\u00ea Mirovan a Ewropay\u00ea (A\u0130HM).<\/em><\/li><li><em>Bi komkirina hejmara saziyan y\u00ean hat\u00ee terc\u00eehkirin bi guhertina di navbera 0-13\u2019an de \u201cSkora baweriya ya saz\u00eetiy\u00ea\u201d hat hesabkirin.<\/em><\/li><li><em>Ji y\u00ean li j\u00ear k\u00eejan ji bo we \u00e7avkaniya b\u00eabawer\u00eetiy\u00ea ya her\u00ee mezin e? (a-B\u00eakar\u00eet\u00ee, b-Pirsgir\u00eak\u00ean Tendirustiy\u00ea, c-Fikar p\u00ea\u015feroj\u00ea ya der bar\u00ea Welat de, d-Fikara p\u00ea\u015feroj\u00ea ya kesane e- Pirsgir\u00eak\u00ean hawirdor\u00ee\/Guhertina avheway\u00ea, f-ba\u015f perwerdeh\u00ee ned\u00eetin, g-Penaber\u00ean ku li Tirkiyey<\/em><em>\u00ea ne \u00fb y\u00ean li hatin\u00ea ne, h-Kr\u00eeza abor\u00ee<\/em><em>).<\/em><\/li><li><em>Bi komkirina hejmara faktor\u00ean hat\u00ee terc\u00eehkirin bi guhertina di navbera 0-13\u2019an de \u201cSkora sosyoekonomiya<\/em><em>&nbsp;b\u00eabawer\u00eet\u00eey\u00ea\u201d ya be\u015fdaran hat hesabkirin.<\/em><\/li><li><em>Ji y\u00ean li j\u00ear k\u00eejan ji bo we \u00e7avkaniya fikar\u00ea ya her\u00ee mezin e? (a-Bendbend\u00eeya civak\u00ee, b-Netewperest\u00ee, c-Taciza cins\u00ee, d-C\u00eenayet\u00ean jinan, e-Xela, f-\u015eer \u00fb pev\u00e7\u00fbn, g-Vesayeta le\u015fker\u00ee, h-Vesayeta siv\u00eel).<\/em><\/li><li><em>Bi komkirina hejmara faktor\u00ean hat\u00ee terc\u00eehkirin bi guhertina di navbera 0-13\u2019an de \u201cSkora sosyoekonomiya<\/em><em>&nbsp;b\u00eabawer\u00eet\u00eey\u00ea\u201d ya be\u015fdaran hat hesabkirin.<\/em><\/li><li><em>Gelo h\u00fbn difikirin ku li Wel\u00eat cudakar\u00ee heye? (Er\u00ea\/Na)<\/em><\/li><li><em>H<\/em><em>\u00fbn xwe ji ber nasnameya xwe a\u00eed\u00ee<\/em><em>&nbsp;koma ku di welat de bi cudakariy\u00ea re r\u00fb bi r\u00fb dim\u00eene an j\u00ee muameleya xerab dib\u00eene h\u00ees dikin? (Er\u00ea\/Na)<\/em><\/li><li><em>H\u00fbn di k\u00eejan mijaran da bi cudakariy\u00ea re r\u00fb bi r\u00fb dim\u00eenin? (a-Nasnameya etn\u00eek\u00ee, b-Ol, c-Ziman, d-Rew\u015fa aboriy\u00ea, e-Sal f-Cinsiyet, g-Beral\u00eetiya cinsiyet\u00ea, h-Astengdariya t\u00ea d\u00eetin an j\u00ee nay\u00ea d\u00eetin).<\/em><\/li><li><em>Bi komkirina hejmara faktor\u00ean hat\u00ee terc\u00eehkirin bi guhertina di navbera 0-8\u2019an de \u201cSkora cudakariy\u00ea\u201d ya be\u015fdaran hat hesabkirin.<\/em><\/li><li><em>Li gor\u00ee we di k\u00eejan ji saziy\u00ean li j\u00ear de cudakariya s\u00eestemat\u00eek heye? (a-Bi gelemper\u00ee civak, b-Medya, c-Art\u00ea\u015f, d-Pol\u00ees, e-Dadgeh, f-\u015earedar\u00ee, g-Wal\u00eet\u00ee\/Qeymeqamt\u00ee, h-Kargeh, i-Dibistan\/Zan\u00eengeh, j-Partiy\u00ean Siyas<\/em><em>\u00ee, k-Saziy\u00ean Siv\u00eel \u00ean Civak\u00ee).<\/em><em><\/em><\/li><li><em>Bi komkirina hejmara faktor\u00ean hat\u00ee terc\u00eehkirin bi guhertina di navbera 0-8\u2019an de \u201cSkora cudakariy\u00ea\u201d ya be\u015fdaran hat hesabkirin.<\/em><\/li><li><em>H\u00fbn bi siyaset\u00ea re \u00e7iqas eleqedar in? (1=Qet eleqedar nabim \u2013 5=Zehf eleqedar dibim)<\/em><\/li><li><em>H\u00fbn ji \u015f\u00eawaza demokrasiye ya li Tirkiyey<\/em><em>\u00ea dime\u015fe \u00e7iqas k\u00eafxwe\u015f in?(\u0661=Qet ne k\u00eafxwe\u015f im \u2013 \u0665=Zehf k\u00eafxwe\u015f im)<\/em><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Tabloy\u00ean \u00e7eprast \u00fb anal\u00eez\u00ean korelasyon\u00ea \u00fb t\u00eagihan \u00fb helwesta be\u015fadaran a der bar\u00ea penaber \u00fb ko\u00e7beran de \u00fb faktor\u00ean ku d\u00ea bikare bi van re t\u00eakildar be di bin sernava n\u00fbveyan de t\u00ea vegotin.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Dema li agahiy\u00ean demokrat\u00eek \u00ean li j\u00ear t\u00ea n\u00ear\u00een t\u00ea d\u00eetin ku; piraniya be\u015fdaran perwerdehiya l\u00eesey\u00ea \u00fb ya jor\u00ea w\u00ea girtiye, dahat\u00fbya wan a mehane k\u00eam e \u00fb ji van be\u015feke giring ji aliyek\u00ee&nbsp;ve perwerdeh\u00ee dib\u00eenin ji aliy\u00ea din ve j\u00ee dixebitin. Wek v\u00ea piraniya be\u015fdaran y\u00ean xwe a\u00eed\u00ee olek\u00ea&nbsp;h\u00ees dikin (ji \u066a\u0666\u0667,\u0663\u2019y\u00ea wan Musluman, ji \u066a\u0661,\u0661\u2019\u00ea wan Elew\u00ee \u00fb y\u00ean may\u00ee j\u00ee ji her s\u00ea kesan&nbsp;yek Zerd\u00fb\u015ft\u00ee, Xiristiyan\u00ee \u00fb \u00cazid\u00eetiy\u00ea wek vebij\u00eark n\u00ee\u015fan kirine.) \u00eefade dikin y\u00ean may\u00ee j\u00ee (%23,9) beyan kirine ku ew xwe a\u00eed\u00ea tu ol\u00ea&nbsp;h\u00ees nakin.&nbsp;Ya daw\u00een j\u00ee, piraniya be\u015fdaran \u00eefade kirine ku ew di mal de bi Kurd\u00ee re Tirk\u00ee an\/an j\u00ee Ereb\u00ee j\u00ee diaxifin.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Agahiy\u00ean Demograf\u00eek \u00ean Be\u015fdaran<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"617\" src=\"http:\/\/spectrumhouse.com.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/1-1024x617.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2521\" srcset=\"https:\/\/spectrumhouse.com.tr\/ku\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/1-1024x617.png 1024w, https:\/\/spectrumhouse.com.tr\/ku\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/1-300x181.png 300w, https:\/\/spectrumhouse.com.tr\/ku\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/1-768x463.png 768w, https:\/\/spectrumhouse.com.tr\/ku\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/1-1536x926.png 1536w, https:\/\/spectrumhouse.com.tr\/ku\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/1-2048x1235.png 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"684\" src=\"http:\/\/spectrumhouse.com.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/2-1024x684.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2522\" srcset=\"https:\/\/spectrumhouse.com.tr\/ku\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/2-1024x684.png 1024w, https:\/\/spectrumhouse.com.tr\/ku\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/2-300x200.png 300w, https:\/\/spectrumhouse.com.tr\/ku\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/2-768x513.png 768w, https:\/\/spectrumhouse.com.tr\/ku\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/2-1536x1025.png 1536w, https:\/\/spectrumhouse.com.tr\/ku\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/2-2048x1367.png 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"698\" src=\"http:\/\/spectrumhouse.com.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/3-1024x698.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2523\" srcset=\"https:\/\/spectrumhouse.com.tr\/ku\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/3-1024x698.png 1024w, https:\/\/spectrumhouse.com.tr\/ku\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/3-300x204.png 300w, https:\/\/spectrumhouse.com.tr\/ku\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/3-768x524.png 768w, https:\/\/spectrumhouse.com.tr\/ku\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/3-1536x1047.png 1536w, https:\/\/spectrumhouse.com.tr\/ku\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/3-2048x1396.png 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"818\" src=\"http:\/\/spectrumhouse.com.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/4-1024x818.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2524\" srcset=\"https:\/\/spectrumhouse.com.tr\/ku\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/4-1024x818.png 1024w, https:\/\/spectrumhouse.com.tr\/ku\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/4-300x240.png 300w, https:\/\/spectrumhouse.com.tr\/ku\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/4-768x614.png 768w, https:\/\/spectrumhouse.com.tr\/ku\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/4-1536x1227.png 1536w, https:\/\/spectrumhouse.com.tr\/ku\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/4-2048x1636.png 2048w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"680\" src=\"http:\/\/spectrumhouse.com.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/5-1024x680.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2525\" srcset=\"https:\/\/spectrumhouse.com.tr\/ku\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/5-1024x680.png 1024w, https:\/\/spectrumhouse.com.tr\/ku\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/5-300x199.png 300w, https:\/\/spectrumhouse.com.tr\/ku\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/5-768x510.png 768w, https:\/\/spectrumhouse.com.tr\/ku\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/5-1536x1020.png 1536w, https:\/\/spectrumhouse.com.tr\/ku\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/5-2048x1359.png 2048w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"740\" src=\"http:\/\/spectrumhouse.com.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/6-1024x740.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2526\" srcset=\"https:\/\/spectrumhouse.com.tr\/ku\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/6-1024x740.png 1024w, https:\/\/spectrumhouse.com.tr\/ku\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/6-300x217.png 300w, https:\/\/spectrumhouse.com.tr\/ku\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/6-768x555.png 768w, https:\/\/spectrumhouse.com.tr\/ku\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/6-1536x1109.png 1536w, https:\/\/spectrumhouse.com.tr\/ku\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/6-2048x1479.png 2048w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">N\u00dbVE<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Me n\u00fbvey\u00ean l\u00eakol\u00een\u00ea bi pirs\u00ean der bar\u00ea gir\u00eaday\u00ee penaber \u00fb ko\u00e7beran de di bin p\u00eanc serniv\u00eesan de vel\u00eakoland: dest\u00fbra c\u00eewarb\u00fbn\u00ea, bandora abor\u00ee, bi pa\u015f ve \u015fandin, hemwelat\u00eet\u00ee \u00fb t\u00eakiliy\u00ean civak\u00ee.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1- Dest\u00fbra C\u00eewarb\u00fbn\u00ea<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Dema em li graf\u00eek\u00ean ku li j\u00ear dinih\u00earin li gor\u00ee guher\u00eena bajar\u00ea ku l\u00ea dij\u00ee, cinsiyet, asta perwerdehiy\u00ea \u00fb a\u00eediyeta ol\u00ee ya be\u015fdaran, bersiv\u00ean ku ji bo pirs\u00ean der bar\u00ea li Tirkiyey\u00ea bi cih b\u00fbna penaber \u00fb ko\u00e7beran&nbsp;de dinih\u00earin, em dib\u00eenin ku bi gelemper\u00ee be\u015fdar di nava helwesteke ney\u00een\u00ee de ne.&nbsp;Hin be\u015fdar\u00ean ku gotine div\u00ea dest\u00fbr ney\u00ea day\u00een sedem\u00ean terc\u00eeh\u00ean xwe vedib\u00eajin, binasiy\u00ean di tablo 1\u2019\u00ea de cih girtine derxistin p\u00ea\u015f. Bi qas\u00ee ku di \u00eefadey\u00ean be\u015fdaran \u00ean rasterast hat\u00ee veguh\u00eaztin de t\u00ea d\u00eetin ku; sedem\u00ean&nbsp;tengasiy\u00ean aboriy\u00ea \u00fb&nbsp;b\u00eakarb\u00fbn, z\u00eadeb\u00fbna r\u00eajeya s\u00fbcan, li welat \u00fb di nav civak\u00ea de xerab\u00fbna aramiy\u00ea \u00fb bingeha civak\u00ee \u00fb b\u00eabawer\u00eetiy\u00ea penaber \u00fb ko\u00e7ber t\u00ea t\u00eagih\u00ee\u015ftin.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Li dervey\u00ee v\u00ea hin be\u015fdar bi \u00eefadey\u00ean ku bi kar an\u00eene didin n\u00ee\u015fandan ku xwed\u00ee helwesteke&nbsp;wesa ne ku penaber \u00fb ko\u00e7beran dervey\u00ee mirovahiy\u00ea dib\u00eenin. Di nav van de y\u00ean ku; penaber \u00fb ko\u00e7beran wek komeke \u2018p\u00ees \u00fb \u015ferker\u2019, \u2018weh\u015f\u00ee \u00fb bizerar\u2019, \u2018m\u00ear wek abaza\u2019, \u2018her cih\u00ea bidest dixin\u2019 \u00fb \u2018 \u00eestila dikin\u2019 p\u00eanase dikin j\u00ee hene. Komeke be\u015fdaran ya din j\u00ee rasterast \u00eefade dikin t\u00ea d\u00eetin ku ew ji penaber \u00fb ko\u00e7beran \u2018hez nakin\u2019 heta ji wan \u2018nefret dikin\u2019 \u00fb xwed\u00ee v\u00ea t\u00eagihana ney\u00een\u00ee ne.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure id=\"table001\" class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><tbody><tr><td><strong>Tablo 1. Bersiv\u00ean kurt \u00ean be\u015fdaran ji bo pirsa; div\u00ea \u00e7ima ji bo penaber \u00fb ko\u00e7beran ji bo b\u00eane li Tirkiyey\u00ea bi cih bibin dest\u00fbr ney\u00ea day\u00een.<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><em>Mirovan aciz dikin.<\/em><\/td><td><em>Jixwe geremol (sixlet\u00ee) e.<\/em><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><em>R\u00eajeya wan a s\u00fbc\u00ea li hol\u00ea ye.<\/em><\/td><td><em>B\u00eakarb\u00fbn z\u00eade dibe.<\/em><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><em>Jixwe li Tirkiyey\u00ea jiyan zor e.<\/em><\/td><td><em>Em ditirsin ku d\u00ea dest bidin ser qad\u00ean me y\u00ean c\u00eewarb\u00fbn\u00ea.<\/em><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><em>Nehewce ye.<\/em><\/td><td><em>M\u00ear abaza ne.<\/em><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><em>R\u00eajeya s\u00fbcan z\u00eade dibe.<\/em><\/td><td><em>Ez naxwazim.<\/em><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><em>Ji me re derfet nam\u00eene.<\/em><\/td><td><em>Ma ji kes\u00ean ku welat\u00ea xwe cida h\u00ee\u015ftine \u00fb reviyane x\u00ear t\u00ea?<\/em><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><em>Weh\u015f\u00ee \u00fb bizerar in.<\/em><\/td><td><em>\u015e\u00eaniy\u00ean wan zehf z\u00eade ne.<\/em><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><em>Em ditirsin.<\/em><\/td><td><em>Li welat\u00ea wan \u015fer qediya.<\/em><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><em>Ne a\u00eed\u00ee vir in.<\/em><\/td><td><em>Ez hez nakim.<\/em><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><em>Ji aboriy\u00ea re dibin bar.<\/em><\/td><td><em>P\u00ea\u015feroja me di xeterey\u00ea de ye.<\/em><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><em>\u00cad\u00ee welat tije b\u00fb, bila ney\u00ean.<\/em><\/td><td><em>Em b\u00fbn hemwelatiy\u00ean duyem\u00een.<\/em><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><em>Xerab dibe, pev\u00e7\u00fbn derdikeve.<\/em><\/td><td><em>Civak\u00ea xerab dikin.<\/em><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><em>P\u00ea\u015fdatir in.<\/em><\/td><td><em>Ji ber wan abor\u00ee ruxuya.<\/em><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><em>Welat b\u00eabawer\u00ee dikin.<\/em><\/td><td><em>Em li welat\u00ea xwe ketin rew\u015fa milteciyan.<\/em><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><em>Hejmara wan z\u00eade dibe, tedb\u00eer lazim e.<\/em><\/td><td><em>Sepan\u00ea p\u00eak naynin.<\/em><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><em>Aciz dikin.<\/em><\/td><td><em>Pergal\u00ea xerab dikin.<\/em><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><em>Binyata sosyal (civak\u00ee) xerab dikin.<\/em><\/td><td><em>Em b\u00eazar b\u00fbn. Li ber \u00e7av\u00ea dewlet\u00ea ji me biq\u00eemettir in.<\/em><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><em>P\u00ees \u00fb \u015ferkar in.<\/em><\/td><td><em>Qela\u015f in.<\/em><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><em>T\u00eara xwe hat day\u00een.<\/em><\/td><td><em>Em bixwe bir\u00e7\u00ee ne.<\/em><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><em>Div\u00ea kal, zarok \u00fb jin b\u00ean girtin, \u00ean din ney\u00ean girtin.<\/em><\/td><td><em>Bila \u00ead\u00ee m\u00eavant\u00ee biqede. Li S\u00fbriyey\u00ea bi qas\u00ee y\u00ean li ba me S\u00fbriyey\u00ee tune ne. \u00cest\u00eela kirin.<\/em><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><em>Di p\u00ea\u015feroj\u00ea de d\u00ea li ser\u00ea me bibin bela.<\/em><\/td><td><em>Xay\u00een in. Bi me re j\u00ee dibin xay\u00een.<\/em><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><em>Ez nefret dikim. Zehf rehet in.<\/em><\/td><td><em>Li cih\u00ea ku mirov\u00ean me bir\u00e7\u00ee ne d\u00ea li wan b\u00ea n\u00ear\u00een?<\/em><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><em>Bila li welat\u00ea xwe bim\u00eenin \u00fb \u015fer bikin.<\/em><\/td><td><em>Em y\u00ean xerif\u00ee digirin. Bila \u00ead\u00ee bisekinin.<\/em><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><em>Her dem pevdi\u00e7in (\u015fer dikin).<\/em><\/td><td><em>Div\u00ea tu ber\u00ea li mirov\u00ean li welat\u00ea xwe xwed\u00ee derkeve.<\/em><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><em>Me wek dijmin dib\u00eenin.<\/em><\/td><td><em>Me aciz kirin, me nefret kir.<\/em><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><em>Binyata sosyal (civak\u00ee) xerab dikin. Bi civak\u00ea re \u00eent\u00eebak nabin, zehf tevl\u00ee s\u00fbcan dibin.<\/em><\/td><td><em>Kes\u00ean ku nan\u00ea me dixwin bi me tizan\u00ea xwe dikin.<\/em><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><em>Welat b\u00fb p\u00eageha kes\u00ean t\u00ean \u00fb di\u00e7in<\/em><\/td><td><em>Kar\u00ean neqan\u00fbn\u00ee dikin.<\/em><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><em>DAI\u015e li her der\u00ea welat\u00ea wan e, y\u00ean teror\u00eest in j\u00ee hatin welat\u00ea me.<\/em><\/td><td><em>Kes\u00ean ku dest\u00fbr hat\u00ee day\u00een piraniya wan m\u00eel\u00eetan\u00ea DAI\u015e\u2019\u00ea ne, d\u00ea p\u00ea\u015feroj\u00ea li ser\u00ea me bibin bela.<\/em><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><em>Ez bawer nakim ku ew penaber in, ji bo derfet\u00ean h\u00een ba\u015ftir Tirkiyey\u00ea wek\u00ee pire dib\u00eenin. Dixwazin ji vir bi\u00e7in Ewropay\u00ea.<\/em><\/td><td><em>Kes\u00ean ku ji siyaseta AKPy\u00ea re xizmet dikin hatin an\u00een. Kes\u00ean ku seriyan j\u00ea dikin \u00ead\u00ee li ser\u00ea me dibin bela.<\/em><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><em>Her der bi dest xistin.<\/em><\/td><td><em>Her cure s\u00fbc heye, tiryak heye.<\/em><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><em>Her der \u00eest\u00eela kirin. Her roj zarokan t\u00eenin din\u00ea.<\/em><\/td><td><em>Derfet\u00ean ciwanan t\u00ea tengkirin.<\/em><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><em>Div\u00ea \u00ead\u00ee dest\u00fbr ney\u00ea day\u00een. Em b\u00fbn S\u00fbriyeya bi\u00e7\u00fbk, bes e.<\/em><\/td><td><em>Aciz dikin. Zehf rehet in. Wek m\u00eavan tevdigerin.<\/em><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><em>Bila m\u00eavant\u00ee \u00ead\u00ee biqede, li her cih\u00ea aramiy\u00ea xerab dikin. B\u00fbne mafya.<\/em><\/td><td><em>Ji ber ku zehf z\u00eade miltec\u00ee hene. Ji bo ewlehiya me. Ji bo p\u00ea\u015feroja ciwanan.<\/em><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"522\" src=\"http:\/\/spectrumhouse.com.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/ek-KU-1024x522.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2586\" srcset=\"https:\/\/spectrumhouse.com.tr\/ku\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/ek-KU-1024x522.png 1024w, https:\/\/spectrumhouse.com.tr\/ku\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/ek-KU-300x153.png 300w, https:\/\/spectrumhouse.com.tr\/ku\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/ek-KU-768x392.png 768w, https:\/\/spectrumhouse.com.tr\/ku\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/ek-KU-533x273.png 533w, https:\/\/spectrumhouse.com.tr\/ku\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/ek-KU.png 1037w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"752\" src=\"http:\/\/spectrumhouse.com.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/7-1024x752.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2527\" srcset=\"https:\/\/spectrumhouse.com.tr\/ku\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/7-1024x752.png 1024w, https:\/\/spectrumhouse.com.tr\/ku\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/7-300x220.png 300w, https:\/\/spectrumhouse.com.tr\/ku\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/7-768x564.png 768w, https:\/\/spectrumhouse.com.tr\/ku\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/7-1536x1129.png 1536w, https:\/\/spectrumhouse.com.tr\/ku\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/7-2048x1505.png 2048w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Wek ku&nbsp;li jor j\u00ee hat \u00eefadekirin hem\u00fb pe\u015fdar der bar\u00ea penaber \u00fb ko\u00e7beran de ne di nava helwesteke bi v\u00ee away\u00ee de b\u00fbn. Berevaj\u00ee v\u00ea be\u015fdar\u00ean ku div\u00ea ew&nbsp;b\u00eane Tirkiyey\u00ea \u00fb ji bo bicihb\u00fbn\u00ea dest\u00fbr b\u00ea day\u00een, van bi \u00eefadey\u00ean; mirov\u00ee, ol\u00ee, empat\u00ee \u00fb li ser bingeha maf p\u00eak an\u00een. Wek ku di tablo \u0662 de j\u00ee hat\u00ee ravekirin, ji be\u015fdaran hinek\u00ean wan bi gotina \u2018dibe ku bi me j\u00ee bibe\u2019 \u00fb \u2018div\u00ea empat\u00ee b\u00ea&nbsp;kirin\u2019 bi xwe kirina cih\u00ea wan day\u00eena v\u00ea dest\u00fbr\u00ea wek hewcey\u00ee dib\u00eenin, be\u015fdar\u00ean din j\u00ee v\u00ea wek berpirsiyariyeke ol\u00ee \u00fb mirov\u00ee dib\u00eenin \u00fb \u00eefade dikin. Be\u015fdar\u00ean ku; jiyana mirov\u00ee ji her ti\u015ft\u00ee giringtir dib\u00eenin \u00fb stir\u00een\u00ea wek mafeke bingeh\u00een \u00fb maf\u00ea wan \u00ea li cih\u00ea ku bixwazin bi cih bibin heye beyan dikin j\u00ee li v\u00ea hewcedariya penaber \u00fb ko\u00e7beran bi perspekt\u00eefa maf\u00ea bingeh\u00een l\u00ea dinih\u00earin.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure id=\"table002\" class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><tbody><tr><td>Tablo 2. Bersiv\u00ean kurt \u00ean be\u015fdaran ji bo pirsa; div\u00ea \u00e7ima ji bo ku penaber \u00fb ko\u00e7ber li Tirkiy\u00ea bi cih bibin dest\u00fbr b\u00ea day\u00een.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><em>Heke bi perwerdeh\u00ee be dikare b\u00ea.<\/em><\/td><td><em>Maf\u00ea jiyan\u00ea y\u00ea bingeh\u00een.<\/em><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><em>Ji ber ku welat\u00ea c\u00eeran e.<\/em><\/td><td><em>Dinya ya herkesi ye.<\/em><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><em>Maf\u00ea her mirov\u00ea heye ku ko\u00e7 bike \u00fb cih biguhere.<\/em><\/td><td><em>Div\u00ea di n\u00eevenga a\u015ftiy\u00ea de mayina wan b\u00ea p\u00eakan\u00een<\/em><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><em>Div\u00ea mirov bikaribin ku bixwaze bi\u00e7e.<\/em><\/td><td><em>Mirov dixwazin li ku bij\u00een div\u00ea li wir bij\u00ee.<\/em><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><em>Tu mirov ne mecb\u00fbre ku di her\u00eama \u015fer de mecb\u00fbr\u00ee jiy\u00een\u00ea bibe.<\/em><\/td><td><em>Ji bo ku li cih\u00ea ku ewlehiya jiyan\u00ea tune ye, div\u00ea nej\u00een.<\/em><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><em>Ji ver ku mexd\u00fbr\u00ean \u015fer in div\u00ea dest\u00fbr b\u00ea day\u00een.<\/em><\/td><td><em>Div\u00ea em ji b\u00eagunehan re bibin pi\u015ftevan.<\/em><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><em>Dibe ku em j\u00ee di w\u00ea rew\u015f\u00ea de b\u00fbna, div\u00ea mirov empat\u00ee bike.<\/em><\/td><td><em>Hewceyiya wan heye.<\/em><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><em>Peymana Cenevrey\u00ea<\/em><\/td><td><em>Em nikarin deriyan bigirin.<\/em><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><em>Fermana ola me ye.<\/em><\/td><td><em>Ji bo mirovahiy\u00ea.<\/em><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><em>Ji ber ku mafeke mirovah\u00ee ye.<\/em><\/td><td><em>Em nikarin wan ji \u015fer re biterik\u00eenin, mas\u00fbm dimirin.<\/em><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><em>Hewcedariya wan bi me heye.<\/em><\/td><td><em>Em nikarin wan terk\u00ee mirin\u00ea bikin.<\/em><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><em>Ji bo nirx\u00ean gerd\u00fbn\u00ee.<\/em><\/td><td><em>Ji aliy\u00ea nirx\u00ean mirovahiy\u00ea ve.<\/em><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><em>Dil\u00ea min bi wan di\u015fewite, dibe ku em j\u00ee bikevin w\u00ea rew\u015f\u00ea.<\/em><\/td><td><em>Heta pev\u00e7\u00fbn biqede div\u00ea b\u00ea day\u00een.<\/em><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><em>Biray\u00ean me y\u00ean ol\u00ee ne.<\/em><\/td><td><em>Ji ber ku muameleya xerab dib\u00eenin<\/em><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><em>Div\u00ea kal, zarok \u00fb jin b\u00eane girtin y\u00ean din ney\u00ean girtin.<\/em><\/td><td><em>Ji bo ku wijdana min wer dib\u00eaje.<\/em><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><em>\u015eer ne ti\u015fta ku ew terc\u00eeh dikin e. Em nikarin ji mirin\u00ea re biterik\u00eenin.<\/em><\/td><td><em>Jiyana mirovan li ser her ti\u015ft\u00ee re ye.<\/em><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><em>Div\u00ea ji bo kes\u00ean Misilman dest\u00fbr b\u00ea day\u00een, ji ber ku em bira ne.<\/em><\/td><td><em>Ji bo mirovahiy\u00ea, ji bo ku siv\u00eel\u00ean mas\u00fbm nemirin<\/em><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><em>Bila xetereya jiyana wan tunebe, ji bo bij\u00een.<\/em><\/td><td><em>Fermana ola me ew e ku li mezl\u00fbman xwed\u00ee derkevin.<\/em><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><em>Ji bo r\u00fbmeta mirovahiy\u00ea.<\/em><\/td><td><em>Div\u00ea em li ser nav\u00ea mirovahiy\u00ea l\u00ea xwed\u00ee derkevin, m\u00eesyona welat\u00ea me ev e.<\/em><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Dema em li graf\u00eeka li jor din\u00earin em dib\u00eenin ku; endam\u00ean Nif\u015fa Z a Kurd \u00ean li \u00cezm\u00eer (%22,5) \u00fb Stenbol\u00ea (%34,5) be\u015fdar dibin li gor\u00ee be\u015fdar\u00ean bajar\u00ean din li fikr\u00ea, ji bo li Tirkiyey\u00ea dest\u00fbra bicihb\u00fbn\u00ea ji bo penaber \u00fb ko\u00e7beran b\u00ea day\u00een h\u00een er\u00ean\u00eetir dinih\u00earin.&nbsp;Kes\u00ean ku bi awayek ney\u00een\u00ee li v\u00ea fikr\u00ea din\u00earin bi r\u00eajeya her\u00ee mez\u00een j\u00ee li gor\u00ee l\u00eakol\u00een\u00ea kes\u00ean di nav ji y\u00ean ku li Wan (%84,6) \u00fb \u015eirnex\u00ea (%65,3) be\u015fdar b\u00fbne de ne. Wek ku di be\u015fa nirxandin\u00ea de hat\u00ee kitekitkirin ji ber encama \u00cezm\u00eer \u00fb Stenbol\u00ea li gor\u00ee bajar\u00ean din h\u00een z\u00eadetir ko\u00e7 girtine, xwed\u00ee demograf\u00ee \u00fb \u00e7andeke pircure ye \u00fb ceribandin\u00ean kesane y\u00ean Kurd\u00ean ku di nav ko\u00e7beran de cih girtine de, t\u00eakiliyeke empat\u00eek \u00fb hev\u015fibandin\u00ea ya di navbera rew\u015fa xwe ya madun \u00fb penaber \u00fb ko\u00e7beran de p\u00eak an\u00een\u00ea, dibe ku v\u00ea rist\u00ea l\u00eestibe. Ji aliy\u00ea din ve ev helwesta ney\u00een\u00ee ya der bar\u00ea penaber \u00fb ko\u00e7beran de ya li Wan \u00fb \u015eirnex\u00ea, dijberb\u00fbna li hember penaber \u00fb ko\u00e7beran di nava civak\u00ea de bi awayek\u00ee gelemper\u00ee bilind dibe beramber\u00ee d\u00eetina w\u00ee ya di nav civaka Kurd de \u00fb di mijara cudakar\u00ee \u00fb n\u00eejadperestiy\u00ea de ji ber ku tevgera siyas\u00ee ya Kurd ne xwediy\u00ea program \u00fb pol\u00eet\u00eekayeke di veguherandina v\u00ea helwest \u00fb t\u00eagihan\u00ea de tevkiriy\u00ea p\u00eak b\u00eene an j\u00ee bi tuneb\u00fbna xwegihandina mekan\u00eezmay\u00ean v\u00ea prat\u00eek dike, dikare b\u00ea vegotin. (Duman, 2022).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"469\" src=\"http:\/\/spectrumhouse.com.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/8-1024x469.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2528\" srcset=\"https:\/\/spectrumhouse.com.tr\/ku\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/8-1024x469.png 1024w, https:\/\/spectrumhouse.com.tr\/ku\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/8-300x138.png 300w, https:\/\/spectrumhouse.com.tr\/ku\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/8-768x352.png 768w, https:\/\/spectrumhouse.com.tr\/ku\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/8-1536x704.png 1536w, https:\/\/spectrumhouse.com.tr\/ku\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/8-2048x939.png 2048w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Em dib\u00eenin ku, li gor\u00ee m\u00ear\u00ean be\u015fdarb\u00fbne (%28,5), jin\u00ean be\u015fdarb\u00fbne di mijara dest\u00fbrday\u00eena bicihb\u00fbna li Tirkiy\u00ea ya penaber \u00fb ko\u00e7beran de h\u00een z\u00eadetir pi\u015ftgir\u00ee dane \u00fb di nav m\u00earan de (%57,9)&nbsp;r\u00eajeya pi\u015ftgir\u00ee day\u00eena fikr\u00ea di encama ko\u00e7b\u00fbna mecb\u00fbr\u00ee \u00fb bidil de div\u00ea dest\u00fbr ji bo bicihb\u00fbn\u00ea ney\u00ea day\u00een, ji jinan (\u066a\u0664\u0660,\u0666) h\u00een z\u00eadetir e. Ji aliy\u00ea civaka xwecih\u00ee ve wek req\u00eeb d\u00eetina penaber \u00fb ko\u00e7beran a di mijara xwegihandina \u00e7avkaniy\u00ean bis\u00eenor \u00fb bi taybet\u00ee j\u00ee ji aliy\u00ea bikarhiner\u00ean medyaya civak\u00ee ve bi b\u00fbyer\u00ean \u2018taciz, \u00eest\u00eesmar \u00fb tecawiz\u00ea\u2019 bib\u00eeran\u00eena penaber \u00fb ko\u00e7beran di navbera&nbsp;b\u00ea\u015fdar\u00ean jin \u00fb m\u00earan de b\u00fbbe sedem ku helwesteke bi v\u00ee reng\u00ee wek faktor derketibe hol\u00ea. Wek ku di be\u015fa nirxandin\u00ea de j\u00ee hat\u00ee n\u00eeqa\u015fkirin, civaka xwecih\u00ee ji ser ewlehiya jinan ve hedef girtina penaber \u00fb ko\u00e7beran bi b\u00fbyer \u00fb \u00eediay\u00ean wek\u00ee \u2018taciz, \u00eest\u00eesmar \u00fb tecawiz\u201d \u00fb bi awayek topyek\u00fbn a n\u00eejadperest\u00ee \u00fb helwesta cudakar \u00fb \u00eari\u015fan&nbsp;de j\u00ee dibe ku faktor\u00ean bi v\u00ee reng\u00ee li ser van encaman bandor kiribe.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"661\" src=\"http:\/\/spectrumhouse.com.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/9-1024x661.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2529\" srcset=\"https:\/\/spectrumhouse.com.tr\/ku\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/9-1024x661.png 1024w, https:\/\/spectrumhouse.com.tr\/ku\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/9-300x194.png 300w, https:\/\/spectrumhouse.com.tr\/ku\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/9-768x496.png 768w, https:\/\/spectrumhouse.com.tr\/ku\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/9-1536x992.png 1536w, https:\/\/spectrumhouse.com.tr\/ku\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/9-2048x1323.png 2048w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Dema em li gor\u00ee perwerdehiy\u00ea bi awayek\u00ee r\u00eajey\u00ee qiyaskirin dikin j\u00ee koma ku li Tirkiyey\u00ea bicihb\u00fbna penaber \u00fb ko\u00e7beran her\u00ee z\u00eade ney\u00een\u00ee l\u00ea din\u00eare kes\u00ean ku di asta dibistana nav\u00een \u00fb bin\u00ea w\u00ea de perwerdeh\u00ee d\u00eetine ne (\u066a\u0666\u0665,\u0669), koma ku her\u00ee z\u00eade er\u00ean\u00ee l\u00ea din\u00eare j\u00ee di navbera kes\u00ean ku perwerdehiya lisans \u00fb l\u00eesansa bilind d\u00eetine (\u066a\u0664\u0663,\u0663) de em dib\u00eenin. T\u00ea d\u00eetin ku ji bil\u00ee v\u00ea di nav kes\u00ean ku di asta l\u00eesey\u00ea de perwerdeh\u00ee d\u00eetine de j\u00ee ji n\u00eev\u00ea z\u00eadetir (\u066a\u0665\u0665,\u0668) ney\u00een\u00ee \u00fb k\u00eamz\u00eade ji p\u00eancan yek\u00ea w\u00ee (\u066a\u0661\u0669,\u0662) er\u00ean\u00ee din\u00eare \u00fb ji y\u00ean ku mane j\u00ee ji \u00e7aran yek\u00ea w\u00ee (\u066a\u0662\u0665) der bar\u00ea dest\u00fbr day\u00een \u00fb neday\u00een\u00ea de ne xwed\u00ee biryar e.&nbsp;Bi asta bilindb\u00fbna perwerdeh\u00eey\u00ea ve gir\u00eaday\u00ee li her\u00eameke \u00e7awal\u00eahato ji ber sedema \u015fer\u00ea navxwey\u00ee \u00fb der bar\u00ea encam\u00ean w\u00ee de \u00eehtimala z\u00eadeb\u00fbna agah\u00eegirtina ji \u00e7avkaniy\u00ean cuda \u00fb ji ber ezm\u00fbna perwerdehiy\u00ea, z\u00eadeb\u00fbna hayj\u00eaheb\u00fbniya der bar\u00ea pir\u00e7and\u00eet\u00ee \u00e7ima \u00fb \u00e7awa mumkun dibe de dibe ku faktor\u00ean bi v\u00ee reng\u00ee li ser encam\u00ea bandor kiribe.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"527\" src=\"http:\/\/spectrumhouse.com.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/10-1024x527.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2530\" srcset=\"https:\/\/spectrumhouse.com.tr\/ku\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/10-1024x527.png 1024w, https:\/\/spectrumhouse.com.tr\/ku\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/10-300x154.png 300w, https:\/\/spectrumhouse.com.tr\/ku\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/10-768x396.png 768w, https:\/\/spectrumhouse.com.tr\/ku\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/10-1536x791.png 1536w, https:\/\/spectrumhouse.com.tr\/ku\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/10-2048x1055.png 2048w, https:\/\/spectrumhouse.com.tr\/ku\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/10-533x273.png 533w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Di dawiy\u00ea de, dema di mijara dest\u00fbra bicihb\u00fbn\u00ea day\u00een\u00ea de di eksena a\u00eed\u00eeyeta ol\u00ee de, dema r\u00fb bi r\u00fb kirineke b\u00ea \u00e7\u00eakirin j\u00ee, di navbera kes\u00ean ku xwe a\u00eed\u00ea tu ol\u00ee h\u00ees nakin de r\u00eajeya bi awayek\u00ee&nbsp;er\u00ean\u00ee li dest\u00fbreke wiha dinih\u00earin (\u066a\u0664\u0667,\u0662), ji r\u00eajeya kes\u00ean xwe a\u00eed\u00ea olek\u00ee h\u00ees dikin zehf bilintir e (%19,3); tam berevaj\u00ea v\u00ea&nbsp;j\u00ee r\u00eajeya kes\u00ean ku ji v\u00ea dest\u00fbr\u00ea re \u00eet\u00eeraz dikin di nav kes\u00ean ku xwe a\u00eed\u00ea olek\u00ee h\u00ees dikin de (%57,1), li gor\u00ee kes\u00ean ku xwe a\u00eed\u00ea tu ol\u00ee nab\u00eenin (%45,1) t\u00ea d\u00eetin ku h\u00een bilintir in. Ev encam, referansa&nbsp;<em>ensar-mihacir&nbsp;<\/em>a ku ji aliy\u00ea AKP\u2019y\u00ea ve bi taybet\u00ee j\u00ee ji bo penaber\u00ean S\u00fbriyey\u00ea z\u00eade z\u00eade bi kar t\u00eenin, di be\u015fdar\u00ean Nif\u015fa Z a Kurd \u00ean ku beyan kirine ku ew bi \u00ceslamiyet\u00ea bawer dikin de beramberiyeke gir\u00eeng ned\u00eetin ji aliy\u00ea n\u00ee\u015fanday\u00een\u00ea de gir\u00eeng e.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2-Bandora Li Aboriy\u00ea<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Der bar\u00ea pirsa; li Tirkiy\u00ea wek penaber an j\u00ee ko\u00e7ber bicihb\u00fbna mirov\u00ean ku asta sosyoekonomiya wan k\u00eam in an\/an j\u00ee ji her\u00eam\u00ean pev\u00e7\u00fbn\u00ea hatine, d\u00ea ji bo aboriya Tirkiyey\u00ea bi awayek\u00ee&nbsp;gelemper\u00ee xerab be an j\u00ee ba\u015f be de, ji be\u015fdar\u00ean ku bersiv dane ji %59,2\u2019y\u00ean wan bi xerab an j\u00ee zehf xerab\u00fbne \u00fb ji \u066a\u0666\u2019\u00ea w\u00ee&nbsp;bi ba\u015f an j\u00ee zehf ba\u015fb\u00fbn\u00ea&nbsp;bawer dikin, ji y\u00ean may\u00ee j\u00ee be\u015fek ji %34,8\u2019\u00ean w\u00ee j\u00ee \u00eefade dikin ku ew ne em\u00een in ku d\u00ea encam \u00e7awa bibe. Dema sedema v\u00ea t\u00ea pirs\u00ee j\u00ee ji be\u015fdaran be\u015fek gir\u00eeng ji xerab\u00e7\u00fby\u00eena aboriy\u00ea, ji ji ber penaber \u00fb ko\u00e7beran z\u00eadeb\u00fbna b\u00eakarb\u00fbn\u00ea, ji xebit\u00eena wek h\u00eaza kar a erzan, ji bar b\u00fbna wan \u00fb ji neb\u00fbna tu feydeyek wan behs dikin.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ji van hinek\u00ean wan j\u00ee bi taybet\u00ee j\u00ee der bar\u00ea penaber\u00ean S\u00fbriyey\u00ee de bersiv\u00ean ku z\u00eade z\u00eade t\u00eane bil\u00eavkirin\u00ea y\u00ean \u2018\u015fa\u015fitiy\u00ean wek rast be t\u00ea zan\u00een\u2019 dubarekirin e. (\u2018ji bo wan her ti\u015ft b\u00eapere ye\u2019, \u2018hem\u00fb maf ji bo wan t\u00ea day\u00een, m\u00fb\u00e7e digirin, nexwe\u015fxane b\u00eapere ye\u2019, \u2018bac\u00ea nadin\u2019 \u00fb hwd.). Ev rew\u015f; her \u00e7iqas ku ji be\u015fdar\u00ean ku bersiva v\u00ea pirse dane ji %40\u2019\u00ea w\u00ee di v\u00ea mijar\u00ea de di nava helwesteke rasterast penaberan s\u00fbcdarkirin\u00ea de neb\u00fbna xwe n\u00ee\u015fanday\u00eena wan giring be j\u00ee, mirov dikar \u00ee\u015faret bike ku ji aliy\u00ea be\u015fdaran ve bi gelemper\u00ee bi awayek\u00ee&nbsp;kevne\u015fop\u00ee \u00fb bi kanal\u00ean medyaya civak\u00ee \u00fb bi gotin\u00ean siyasetmedaran \u00ean li hember penaber \u00fb ko\u00e7beran \u00fb bi propaganday\u00ean wan de bi bandor dibe. Her \u00e7iqas ku heman pirsgir\u00eakan endam\u00ean gruba etn\u00eek\u00ee ya wan bij\u00eebe j\u00ee sedem\u00ean helwesta ney\u00een\u00ee ya be\u015fa ji %60 \u2018\u00ee di be\u015fa nirxandin\u00ea de hat\u00ee kitekitkirin.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure id=\"table003\" class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><tbody><tr><td>Tablo 3. Bersiv\u00ean kurt \u00ean be\u015fdaran \u00ean ji bo pirsa; penaber \u00fb ko\u00e7ber d\u00ea \u00e7ima li ser aboriya Tirkiyey\u00ea bandoreke ney\u00een\u00ee p\u00eak b\u00eene.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><em>Zerar\u00ea didin aboriy\u00ea.<\/em><\/td><td><em>B\u00eakarb\u00fbn z\u00eade dibe.<\/em><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><em>Ji me re derfet nam\u00eenin.<\/em><\/td><td><em>Zehf dixerit\u00eenin.<\/em><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><em>Ji ber ku h\u00eaza kar z\u00eade dibe m\u00fb\u00e7e dadikeve.<\/em><\/td><td><em>Li her der\u00ea hene, perey\u00ean xwe di\u015finin dervey\u00ee wel\u00eat.<\/em><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><em>Abor\u00ee jixwe xerab e.<\/em><\/td><td><em>A\u015fkere bi ser welat de girtin.<\/em><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><em>Abor\u00ee jixwe xerab e, yek j\u00ee em wan j\u00ee xwed\u00ee dikin.<\/em><\/td><td><em>Me ji bo wan zehf pere xerc kir.<\/em><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><em>Her ti\u015ft\u00ean wan em p\u00eak t\u00eenin.<\/em><\/td><td><em>Ji bo bad\u00eehewa pere qezenc dikin.<\/em><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><em>Li ser me bar in, ji bo me bimesref dibin..<\/em><\/td><td><em>B\u00eakar\u00ee z\u00eade dibe \u00fb em bi b\u00fbyer\u00ean nehewce re r\u00fb bi r\u00fb dim\u00eenin.<\/em><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><em>Gelemperiya wan pars\u00ea dikin, h\u00eaza wan a welat bi p\u00ea\u015f ve birin\u00ea tune ye.<\/em><\/td><td><em>Abor\u00ee xerab e, em nikarin penaberan ragirin.<\/em><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><em>Ji bo wan her ti\u015ft bela\u015f e.<\/em><\/td><td><em>Jixwe Tirkiye di rew\u015fa zor de ye.<\/em><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><em>Hem\u00fb maf ji bo wan t\u00ea day\u00een, m\u00fb\u00e7e digirin, nexwe\u015fxane bela\u015f e.<\/em><\/td><td><em>Par\u00e7eb\u00fbna civak\u00ee, b\u00eaparsengiya \u00eest\u00eehdam\u00ea, pev\u00e7\u00fbna \u00e7and\u00ee<\/em><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><em>Erzan \u00fb b\u00eas\u00eegorte dixebitin.<\/em><\/td><td><em>Jixwe li Tirkiyey<\/em><em>\u00ea mirov z\u00eade ne.<\/em><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><em>\u00c7avkaniy\u00ean welat ji bo wan t\u00ea xerckirin. Maf\u00ean ku em wek hemwelat\u00ee nab\u00eenin ji bo wan heye.<\/em><\/td><td><em>Ferd\u00ean esil \u00ean welat ji ber karkeriya erzan b\u00eakar dim\u00eenin.<\/em><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><em>Di her kar\u00ee de ew hene, bi erzan\u00ee dixebitin, di r\u00fby\u00ea wan de ez ji kar\u00ea xwe b\u00fbm.<\/em><\/td><td><em>Aboriy\u00ea bi dest dixin, hem\u00fb bi hev re dev ji kar berdin hilber\u00een disekine.<\/em><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><em>Em li wan din\u00earin, em naxwin bi wan didin xwerin.<\/em><\/td><td><em>Li welatek\u00ee ku r\u00eaveber\u00ee ne ba\u015f be bi hatina mirov\u00ean biyan\u00ee h\u00een xerabtir dibe.<\/em><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><em>Bac\u00ea nadin, bi qa\u00e7ax\u00ee dexebitin.<\/em><\/td><td><em>Bi awayek ve\u015far\u00ee xebit\u00een, di piraniya kar\u00ean xerab de hene.<\/em><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"890\" src=\"http:\/\/spectrumhouse.com.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/11-1024x890.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2531\" srcset=\"https:\/\/spectrumhouse.com.tr\/ku\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/11-1024x890.png 1024w, https:\/\/spectrumhouse.com.tr\/ku\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/11-300x261.png 300w, https:\/\/spectrumhouse.com.tr\/ku\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/11-768x667.png 768w, https:\/\/spectrumhouse.com.tr\/ku\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/11-1536x1335.png 1536w, https:\/\/spectrumhouse.com.tr\/ku\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/11-2048x1780.png 2048w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Dema em ji aliy\u00ea bajaran ve li bersivan dinih\u00earin j\u00ee em dib\u00eenin ku, n\u00eaz\u00ee n\u00eev\u00ea be\u015fdar\u00ean li Stenbol\u00ea (\u066a\u0664\u0666,\u0669) piraniya be\u015fdar\u00ean li bajar\u00ean din (Amed ji \u066a\u0666\u0660,\u0661; Wan ji \u066a\u0668\u0660,\u0664; \u015eirnex ji \u066a\u0666\u0666; \u00cezm\u00eer ji \u066a\u0666\u0667,\u0664) difikirin ku d\u00ea penaber \u00fb ko\u00e7ber li ser aboriya welat bandoreke ney\u00een\u00ee p\u00eak b\u00eenin. N\u00eaz\u00ee n\u00eev\u00ea be\u015fdar\u00ean li Stenbol\u00ea j\u00ee (%47,8), beyan dikin ku, ew ne em\u00een in ku d\u00ea penaber \u00fb ko\u00e7ber li ser aboriy\u00ea bandoreke \u00e7awa p\u00eak b\u00eenin. Ji ber ku Stenbol bajareke ku bi awayek\u00ee d\u00eerok\u00ee hem ji hundir hem j\u00ee ji derve ve ko\u00e7\u00ea digire&nbsp;\u00fb xwed\u00ee \u2018ezm\u00fbna bi hev re jiy\u00een\u00ea\u2019 ya li hember\u00ee hem\u00fb asteng\u00ee \u00fb zehmetiy\u00ean ji aliy\u00ea etn\u00eek\u00ean cuda \u00fb kom\u00ean ol\u00ee ve t\u00ea p\u00eakan\u00een j\u00ee ji bajar\u00ean din cuda dibe. Dibe ku v\u00ea rew\u015f\u00ea, helwesta be\u015fdar\u00ean ku li Stenbol\u00ea dij\u00een a der bar\u00ea penaber \u00fb ko\u00e7beran de pi\u00e7ek nerm kiribe.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Encam didin n\u00ee\u015fan dan ku, di navbera be\u015fdar\u00ean jin \u00fb m\u00ear de ji v\u00ee al\u00ee ve cudahiyeke cid\u00ee tune ye \u00fb piraniya her du koman j\u00ee ( di m\u00earan de %59,9; di jinan de %54,2) wer difirin ku d\u00ea bandora penaber \u00fb ko\u00e7beran a li ser aboriya welat d\u00ea ney\u00een\u00ee be. Bi v\u00ea ve gir\u00eaday\u00ee n\u00eaz\u00ee ji s\u00eayan yek \u00ea her du koman j\u00ee beyan dikin ku ne em\u00een in ku d\u00ea ev bandor \u00e7awa be.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"480\" src=\"http:\/\/spectrumhouse.com.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/12-1024x480.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2532\" srcset=\"https:\/\/spectrumhouse.com.tr\/ku\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/12-1024x480.png 1024w, https:\/\/spectrumhouse.com.tr\/ku\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/12-300x141.png 300w, https:\/\/spectrumhouse.com.tr\/ku\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/12-768x360.png 768w, https:\/\/spectrumhouse.com.tr\/ku\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/12-1536x720.png 1536w, https:\/\/spectrumhouse.com.tr\/ku\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/12-2048x960.png 2048w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Helwesteke bi v\u00ee reng\u00ee, dema be\u015fdar li gor\u00ee asta wan a perwerdehiy\u00ea t\u00ea r\u00fb bi r\u00fb kirin&nbsp;j\u00ee derdikeve hol\u00ea. Helwesta her\u00ee ney\u00een\u00ee ya di v\u00ea mijar\u00ea de, di kes\u00ean ku perwerdehiya dibistana nav\u00een \u00fb bin\u00ea w\u00ea&nbsp;perwerdeh\u00ee girtine (%63,6) de t\u00ea d\u00eetin, v\u00ea j\u00ee bi r\u00eajeya n\u00eaz\u00ee v\u00ea l\u00eesans\/l\u00eesansa bilind (%58,4) \u00fb l\u00eese (%58,2) teq\u00eeb dikin. Di v\u00ea guherbariy\u00ea de j\u00ee n\u00eaz\u00ee ji s\u00eayan be\u015fdaran ne bawer in ku d\u00ea bandora penaber \u00fb ko\u00e7beran a li ser aboriya welat \u00e7awa be, beyan dikin (dibistana nav\u00ee \u00fb bin\u00ea w\u00ea ji %30,2; l\u00eese ji %36,3; l\u00eesans\/l\u00eesansa bilind ji %33,9). Helwesta ney\u00een\u00ee ya ku bi bilindb\u00fbna asta perwedehiy\u00ea k\u00eam dibe, di navbera hin be\u015fdaran de helwesta wan a der bar\u00ea li Tirkiyey\u00ea bicihb\u00fbna penaber \u00fb ko\u00e7beran de hev\u015fib\u00een\u00ea n\u00ee\u015fan dide \u00fb ev j\u00ee dibe ku bi \u00eehtimala l\u00eakol\u00eenkirina rastiyan a \u00eediay\u00ean ku bi saya xwegihandina \u00e7avkaniy\u00ean agahiy\u00ean cuda hat\u00ee rojev\u00ea ve eleqedar be.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"579\" src=\"http:\/\/spectrumhouse.com.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/13-1024x579.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2533\" srcset=\"https:\/\/spectrumhouse.com.tr\/ku\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/13-1024x579.png 1024w, https:\/\/spectrumhouse.com.tr\/ku\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/13-300x170.png 300w, https:\/\/spectrumhouse.com.tr\/ku\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/13-768x434.png 768w, https:\/\/spectrumhouse.com.tr\/ku\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/13-1536x868.png 1536w, https:\/\/spectrumhouse.com.tr\/ku\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/13-2048x1158.png 2048w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"831\" src=\"http:\/\/spectrumhouse.com.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/14-1024x831.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2534\" srcset=\"https:\/\/spectrumhouse.com.tr\/ku\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/14-1024x831.png 1024w, https:\/\/spectrumhouse.com.tr\/ku\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/14-300x243.png 300w, https:\/\/spectrumhouse.com.tr\/ku\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/14-768x623.png 768w, https:\/\/spectrumhouse.com.tr\/ku\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/14-1536x1246.png 1536w, https:\/\/spectrumhouse.com.tr\/ku\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/14-2048x1661.png 2048w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Dema em li asta dahat\u00fby\u00ea dinih\u00earin j\u00ee t\u00ea d\u00eetin ku;&nbsp;ji be\u015fdaran n\u00eaz\u00ee niv\u00ea wan \u00ean ku dahat\u00fbya wan a mehane di navbera 1001-2000 TL \u00fb 2001-3000 TL y\u00ea de ne (%47,8) \u00fb piraniya be\u015fdar\u00ean ku di kom\u00ean dahat\u00fby\u00ea y\u00ean din de ne j\u00ee (0-1000 %65,3; 3001-4000 %61,9; ji 4000\u2019\u00ee z\u00eade %63,6) wer difikirin ku d\u00ea bandora penaber \u00fb ko\u00e7beran a li ser aboriya wel\u00eat d\u00ea ney\u00een\u00ee be. R\u00eajeya kes\u00ean ku ne bawer in ku d\u00ea ev bandor \u00e7awa p\u00eak b\u00ea difikirin j\u00ee di ast\u00ean cuda y\u00ean dahat\u00fby\u00ea de di navbera ji %28 \u00fb ji %47\u2019an de diguhere. Ji ber v\u00ea yek\u00ea di navbera helwesta be\u015fdaran a asta wan a dahat\u00fby\u00ea \u00fb ya der ber\u00ea bandora penaber \u00fb ko\u00e7beran a li ser aboriy\u00ea de t\u00eakiliyeke net a er\u00ean\u00ee&nbsp;\u00fb ney\u00eeniy\u00ea nay\u00ea d\u00eetin.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Bi kurtah\u00ee, bajar\u00ea l\u00ea dij\u00ee, cinsiyet, asta perwerdehiy\u00ea \u00fb asta dahat\u00fby\u00ea ya be\u015fdaran ji aliy\u00ea bandora ku penaber \u00fb ko\u00e7ber li ser aboriya wel\u00eat p\u00eak t\u00eenin de ew difikirin, bi awayek cid\u00ee cudahiyeke p\u00eak nayne. Faktor\u00ean bingeh\u00een \u00ean ku di van de rola xwe l\u00eestiye di ser\u00ee de, pol\u00eetkay\u00ean hukumeta AKP\u2019y\u00ea y\u00ean aboriya neo-l\u00eeberal \u00ean berdewambariy\u00ea esas negirtiye (\u00d6zdemir, 2020) \u00fb bi taybet\u00ee j\u00ee pi\u015ft\u00ee 2015\u2019an pol\u00eet\u00eekay\u00ean \u015fer \u00fb l\u00ea\u00e7\u00fbn\u00ean le\u015fker\u00ee y\u00ean li ser nav\u00ea pirsgir\u00eakan \u00e7areserkirin\u00ea, di nava welat de \u00fb li Rojhilata Nav\u00een hat\u00ee sepandin (World Bank, 2022) \u00fb ji ber \u015fewba COVID-19 zehmetiy\u00ean aboriy\u00ea y\u00ean hatine jiy\u00een (OECD, 2021; \u00c7akmakl\u0131 \u00fb y\u00ean din, 2021) t\u00ea d\u00eetin ku ji aliy\u00ea bandora penaber \u00fb ko\u00e7beran a li ser aboriya welat de bi \u00eehtimaleke her\u00ee ba\u015f t\u00ea texm\u00een kirin ku be\u015fdaran ki\u015fandiye n\u00fbxteya \u2018em\u00een neb\u00fbn\u00ea\u201d. Wek p\u00eaveka bi v\u00ea ve, li ser be\u015fdar\u00ean ku bi r\u00eajeyeke mezin hilbij\u00ear\u00ean HDP\u2019y\u00ea ne (Spectrum House, 2022), ji bo maf\u00ea penaber \u00fb ko\u00e7beran, \u00e7areserkirina zehmetiy\u00ean r\u00fb bi r\u00fb mane \u00fb bi awayek\u00ee&nbsp;dembor\u00ee be&nbsp;j\u00ee bi civaka Kurd re bi hev re jiy\u00een\u00ea de mijara pol\u00eet\u00eekayan p\u00ea\u015fvebirin\u00ea&nbsp;\u00fb nesepandin \u00fb nekar\u00ee bisep\u00eene j\u00ee dikare b\u00ea gotin ku bandor\u00ea l\u00ea kiriye. Mirov dikare \u00eefade bike ku li ser v\u00ea; tay\u00eenkirina qey\u00fbman a li ser \u015faredariy\u00ean ku HDP\u2019y\u00ea di hilbijartin\u00ea de bi dest xistib\u00fb, zext\u00ean ku li ser parlamenter \u00fb siyasetmedar\u00ean HDP\u2019y\u00ea \u00fb helwesta cudakar a hema bigire ji aliy\u00ea hem\u00fb saziyan ve li hember HDP\u2019y\u00ea hat\u00ee me\u015fandin j\u00ee l\u00ea bandor kiriye. Lewre ev faktor qada siyaset me\u015fadina HDP\u2019y\u00ea bi awayek cid\u00ee teng dike.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3-Bi Pa\u015f Ve \u015eandin<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Li gor\u00ee Peymana Cenevrey\u00ea ya 1951\u2019\u00ea ya ku Tirkiyey\u00ea j\u00ee \u00eemze kir\u00ee, penaber\u00ean ku ji welat\u00ea ku hat\u00ee xeteraya wan a jiyan\u00ee hebe bi zor\u00ea li welat\u00ea wan nay\u00ean vegerandin. Li gor\u00ee we ji penaber\u00ean li Tirkiyey\u00ea y\u00ean ku di v\u00ee rew\u015f\u00ea de ne (S\u00fbriyey\u00ee, Afgan\u00ee, Iraq\u00ee, \u00ceran\u00ee, Somal\u00eey\u00ee hwd.) ligel v\u00ea j\u00ee div\u00ea li welat\u00ean wan b\u00eane vegarandin? Ji be\u015fdar\u00ean ku bersiva v\u00ea pirs\u00ea dane ji n\u00eev\u00ea w\u00ee z\u00eadetir (\u066a\u0665\u0662) bersiva \u2018div\u00ea bi pa\u015f ve b\u00eane \u015fandin\u2019 an j\u00ee \u2018bi tu away\u00ee div\u00ea bi pa\u015f ve ney\u00ean \u015fandin\u2019&nbsp;dane. Her \u00e7iqas ku ji van ji %22\u2019y\u00ean wan gotibe \u2018div\u00ea bi pa\u015f ve b\u00eane \u015fandin\u2019 an j\u00ee \u2018bi tu away\u00ee div\u00ea bi pa\u015f ve ney\u00ean \u015fandin\u2019 y\u00ean may\u00ee j\u00ee j\u00ea be\u015fek ji %26\u2019\u00ean wan beyan kirine ku ew \u2018ne em\u00een in\u2019. Di v\u00ea \u00e7ar\u00e7ovey\u00ea de mirov dikare bib\u00eaje ku der bar\u00ea li Tirkiyey\u00ea may\u00een an j\u00ee bi pa\u015f ve \u015fandina penaberan de b\u00ea\u015fdar di nava helwesteke ney\u00een\u00ee de ne. Di nava helwesteke ney\u00een\u00ee de neb\u00fbna n\u00eaz\u00ee n\u00eev\u00ea be\u015fdaran (\u066a\u0664\u0668) a der bar\u00ea bi pa\u015f ve&nbsp;\u015fandina penaber \u00fb ko\u00e7beran de, dema bi helwesta berbelav ya nif\u015fa ciwan a li Tirkiyey\u00ea re t\u00ea qiyaskirin (KAS, \u0662\u0660\u0662\u0662) wek cudahiyeke giring derdikeve p\u00ea\u015fber\u00ee me.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Dema bersiv\u00ean be\u015fdaran li gor\u00ee esas\u00ea bajaran t\u00ea r\u00fb bi r\u00fb kirin, ji aliy\u00ea bi pa\u015f ve \u015fandina penaberan ve pi\u015ftgiriya her\u00ee mezin bi r\u00eaz\u00ea ji be\u015fdar\u00ean li Wan (%77), \u015eirnex (%59,2) \u00fb \u00cezm\u00eer\u00ea ne (%53,3) t\u00ea, ev r\u00eaje di nav be\u015fdar\u00ean li Amed \u00fb Stenbol\u00ea ne de j\u00ee n\u00eaz\u00ee ji %45 e. N\u00eaz\u00ee ji s\u00eayan yek\u00ea b\u00ea\u015fdar\u00ean ku li Stenbol\u00ea ne (%31,5) \u00fb n\u00eaz\u00ee ji p\u00eancan yek\u00ea be\u015fdar\u00ean li Amed\u00ea (%18,8) li \u00cezm\u00eer\u00ea (%23) ne j\u00ee fikr\u00ea penaberan bi pa\u015f ve \u015fandin\u00ea dipar\u00eazin. Wek guherbar\u00ean din di v\u00ea mijar\u00ea de j\u00ee cudab\u00fbna be\u015fdar\u00ean li Stenbol\u00ea ji y\u00ean be\u015fdar\u00ean bajar\u00ean din, dibe ku bi bingeha pir\u00e7and\u00eetiya Stenbol\u00ea ve \u00fb bi ezm\u00fbn\u00ean ko\u00e7a kesane y\u00ean Nif\u015fa Z a Kurd a li Stenbol\u00ea dij\u00ee re j\u00ee t\u00eakildar be. Lewre ji bo be\u015fdar\u00ean ku li Stenbol\u00ea dij\u00een, di bi mirov\u00ean ku hem bi ko\u00e7\u00ean hundir hem j\u00ee bi ko\u00e7\u00ean derve hatine re z\u00eadetir rast\u00ee hev hatin\u00ea, t\u00eakil\u00ee gir\u00eadan \u00fb qad\u00ean hevpar (kargeh, saziy\u00ean perwerdehiy\u00ea, pevgir\u00eadan\u00ean sosyal hwd.) parvekirin\u00ea de \u00eehtimala fehmkirina \u015fert \u00fb merc\u00ean wan \u00ean hem li Tirkiyey\u00ea hem j\u00ee li welat\u00ean wan h\u00een bilindtir e. Dibe ku v\u00ea j\u00ee r\u00ea li ber h\u00een z\u00eadetir pi\u015ftgir\u00eeday\u00eena be\u015fdaran a di mijara bi pa\u015f ve \u015fandina penaberan de vekiribe.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"814\" src=\"http:\/\/spectrumhouse.com.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/15-1024x814.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2535\" srcset=\"https:\/\/spectrumhouse.com.tr\/ku\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/15-1024x814.png 1024w, https:\/\/spectrumhouse.com.tr\/ku\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/15-300x238.png 300w, https:\/\/spectrumhouse.com.tr\/ku\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/15-768x610.png 768w, https:\/\/spectrumhouse.com.tr\/ku\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/15-1536x1221.png 1536w, https:\/\/spectrumhouse.com.tr\/ku\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/15-2048x1628.png 2048w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"588\" src=\"http:\/\/spectrumhouse.com.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/16-1024x588.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2536\" srcset=\"https:\/\/spectrumhouse.com.tr\/ku\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/16-1024x588.png 1024w, https:\/\/spectrumhouse.com.tr\/ku\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/16-300x172.png 300w, https:\/\/spectrumhouse.com.tr\/ku\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/16-768x441.png 768w, https:\/\/spectrumhouse.com.tr\/ku\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/16-1536x882.png 1536w, https:\/\/spectrumhouse.com.tr\/ku\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/16-2048x1176.png 2048w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Her \u00e7iqas ku r\u00eajeya di ast\u00ean cuda de pi\u015ftgir\u00ee day\u00eena bi pa\u015f ve \u015fandina penaberan a di nav m\u00earan de (%56,3) ji be\u015fdar\u00ean jin (47,4) h\u00een bilinitir be j\u00ee di ast\u00ean cuda de pi\u015ftgir\u00eeday\u00eena bi pa\u015f ve ne\u015fandin\u00ea j\u00ee berevaj\u00ee v\u00ea rew\u015f\u00ea derdikeve hol\u00ea. Ango dema bi be\u015fdar\u00ean m\u00ear re t\u00ea qiyaskirin (%16,6) r\u00eajeyeke&nbsp;h\u00een bilindtir ji be\u015fdar\u00ean jin (%27,4) difikirin ku div\u00ea penaber bi pa\u015f ve ney\u00ean \u015fandin.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Dema li gor\u00ee asta perwerdehiy\u00ea be\u015fdar t\u00eane r\u00fb bi r\u00fb kirin\u00ea di nava kes\u00ean ku her\u00ee z\u00eade pi\u015ftgir\u00ee didin fikr\u00ea, \u2018div\u00ea penaber bi pa\u015f ve b\u00eane \u015fandin\u2019 de t\u00ea d\u00eetin ku be\u015fdar\u00ean ku pa\u015feroja wan a perwerdehiy\u00ea dibistana nav\u00een an j\u00ee di bin\u00ea w\u00ea de ne (%65,3) ne&nbsp;\u00fb her ku asta perwerdehiy\u00ea bilind dibe j\u00ee&nbsp;r\u00eajeya pi\u015ftgiriya ji bi pa\u015f ve \u015fandin\u00ea re&nbsp;k\u00eam dibe (l\u00eese \u066a\u0665\u0663,\u0669 \u00fb l\u00eesans\/l\u00eesansa bilind %34,3). Encameke wek v\u00ea j\u00ee di pi\u015ftgir\u00eeday\u00eena der bar\u00ea ne\u015fandin\u00ea de j\u00ee t\u00ea d\u00eetin. N\u00eaz\u00ee n\u00eev\u00ea be\u015fdar\u00ean ku xwed\u00ee pa\u015ferojeke perwerdehiy\u00ea ya di asta l\u00eesans\/l\u00eesansa bilind de ne (%46,7) bi div\u00ea penaber bi pa\u015f ve ne\u015fandin\u00ea bawer dikin, ev r\u00eaje di&nbsp;nava kes\u00ean ku pa\u015feroja perwerdehiya wan di asta l\u00eesey\u00ea de ne n\u00eaz\u00ee ji p\u00eancan yek (%17,2) \u00fb kes\u00ean ku xwed\u00ee pa\u015feroja perwerdehiy\u00ea ya asta dibistana nav\u00een \u00fb di bin w\u00ea re ne de j\u00ee di r\u00eajeya n\u00eaz\u00ee ji dehan yek e (%8,7). Wek di guherbar\u00ean din de j\u00ee hate d\u00eetin, bi asta perwerdehiy\u00ea bilindb\u00fbn\u00ea ve gir\u00eaday\u00ee em dib\u00eenin ku bi be\u015fdaran re helwesta dijbertiya penaber \u00fb ko\u00e7beran j\u00ee k\u00eam dibe. Di v\u00ea de j\u00ee dibe ku der bar\u00ea rew\u015fa wan a li Tirkiyey\u00ea \u00fb \u015fer\u00ea li welat\u00ea wan \u00fb ewlekariya bizor\u00ea \u00fb \u015fert \u00fb merc\u00ean sosyoekonom\u00eek de ji \u00e7avkaniy\u00ean cuda agahdarb\u00fbna wan \u00fb v\u00ea n\u00ear\u00een\u00ea ji aliy\u00ean cuda ve girtina dest, bandor l\u00ea kiribe. Di encam\u00ea de ev j\u00ee di mijara div\u00ea be\u015fdar nebin per\u00e7eyeke propagandaya berbelav ya dijbertiya penaber \u00fb ko\u00e7ber\u00ean li Tirkiyey\u00ea de danberhev\u00ee ji p\u00ea\u015fvebirin\u00ea re b\u00fbbe derfet.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"667\" src=\"http:\/\/spectrumhouse.com.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/17-1024x667.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2537\" srcset=\"https:\/\/spectrumhouse.com.tr\/ku\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/17-1024x667.png 1024w, https:\/\/spectrumhouse.com.tr\/ku\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/17-300x196.png 300w, https:\/\/spectrumhouse.com.tr\/ku\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/17-768x500.png 768w, https:\/\/spectrumhouse.com.tr\/ku\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/17-1536x1001.png 1536w, https:\/\/spectrumhouse.com.tr\/ku\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/17-2048x1335.png 2048w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Dema ji aliy\u00ea a\u00eed\u00eeyeta ol\u00ee ve l\u00ea t\u00ea n\u00ear\u00een j\u00ee, ji kes\u00ean ku ji n\u00eev\u00ea z\u00eadetir xwe a\u00eed\u00ea olek\u00ea h\u00ees dikin (%54,2) pi\u015ftgir\u00ee bidin fikr\u00ea penaberan bi pa\u015f ve \u015fandin\u00ea j\u00ee, ev r\u00eaje di nava kes\u00ean ku xwe a\u00eed\u00ea tu ol\u00ee h\u00ees nakin de di asta ji %44,5\u2019an de ye. Di kes\u00ean ku dib\u00eajin \u2018div\u00ea bi pa\u015f ve ney\u00ean \u015fandin\u2019 de j\u00ee rew\u015f berevaj\u00ea v\u00ea ye. Di navbera kes\u00ean ku xwe a\u00eed\u00ea tu ol\u00ee h\u00ees nakin de r\u00eajeya dib\u00eajin bila penaber \u2018bi pa\u015f ve ney\u00ean \u015fandin\u2019 her \u00e7iqas ku ji %35,8 be ev r\u00eaje di navbera kes\u00ean ku xwe a\u00eed\u00ea olek\u00ee h\u00ees dikin de ji %17 e.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"587\" src=\"http:\/\/spectrumhouse.com.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/18-1024x587.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2538\" srcset=\"https:\/\/spectrumhouse.com.tr\/ku\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/18-1024x587.png 1024w, https:\/\/spectrumhouse.com.tr\/ku\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/18-300x172.png 300w, https:\/\/spectrumhouse.com.tr\/ku\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/18-768x440.png 768w, https:\/\/spectrumhouse.com.tr\/ku\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/18-1536x881.png 1536w, https:\/\/spectrumhouse.com.tr\/ku\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/18-2048x1174.png 2048w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">4-Hemwelat\u00eet\u00ee<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Mijara ji bo penaber&nbsp;\u00fb ko\u00e7beran hemwelat\u00eet\u00ee day\u00een\u00ea, hem di rojeva siyat\u00ea hem j\u00ee di ya rayagel ya Tirkiyey\u00ea de&nbsp;mijara her\u00ee z\u00eade cih digire \u00fb li hember t\u00ea derketin e. Pirsa di v\u00ea xebat\u00ea de hat\u00ee pirs\u00een ya \u201cli gor\u00ee \u00eestat\u00eest\u00eek\u00ean Kom\u00eesertiya Bilind a Penaberan a Netewey\u00ean Yekgirt\u00ee kes\u00ean ku bi ko\u00e7a bizor\u00ea li welateke din bicih b\u00fbne \u00fb statuya penaber\u00ee \u00fb miltec\u00eetiy\u00ea ji bo wan hat\u00ee day\u00een bi be\u015feke zehf mezin li welat\u00ea ku \u00e7\u00fbne dim\u00eenin. Be\u015fdar\u00ean ku bersiv dane pirsa; \u2018ji bo hem\u00fb penaber\u00ean li Tirkiy\u00ea ne \u00fb di bin parastina dembor\u00ee \u00fb parastina navnetewey\u00ee de ne de di rew\u015fa ku li welat bim\u00eenin de d\u00ea hemwelat\u00eet\u00ee ji bo wan b\u00ea day\u00een?\u2019\u201d derfeta helwesta be\u015fdaran d\u00eetine dide me ku em bib\u00eenin di k\u00eejan \u015fert \u00fb mercan de \u00fb ji bo k\u00eejan penaber \u00fb ko\u00e7beran div\u00ea hemwelat\u00eet\u00ee b\u00ea day\u00een. Ji be\u015fdaran ji %44\u2019\u00ean wan div\u00ea bi tu away\u00ee hemwelat\u00eet\u00ee ji bo penaber \u00fb ko\u00e7beran ney\u00ea day\u00een, difikirin. Ji %13\u2019\u00ea wan ten\u00ea ji bo penaber \u00fb ko\u00e7ber\u00ean pi perwerdeh\u00ee, ji %11\u2019\u00ea wan ji bo penaber \u00fb ko\u00e7ber\u00ean razemeniya aboriy\u00ea dikin \u00fb ji %10\u2019\u00ean wan j\u00ee ji bo hem\u00fb penaber \u00fb ko\u00e7beran div\u00ea maf\u00ea hemwelat\u00eetiy\u00ea b\u00ea nas\u00een\u00ea dixwazin. Ji y\u00ean may\u00ee j\u00ee be\u015fa ji %22\u2019ya j\u00ee ji aliy\u00ea hemwelat\u00eet\u00ee day\u00een\u00ea an j\u00ee neday\u00een\u00ea an j\u00ee div\u00ea ji bo k\u00eejan kom\u00ea day\u00een\u00ea de beyan dikin ku ew ne em\u00een in. Wek ku li j\u00ear hat\u00ee day\u00een, di v\u00ea mijar\u00ea de me di bersiv\u00ean ku ji bo v\u00ea pirs\u00ea hat\u00ee day\u00een de ji y\u00ean din cudatir bi faktor\u00ean wek\u00ee bajar \u00fb cinsiyet\u00ea re li faktor\u00ea cudakariy\u00ea j\u00ee n\u00ear\u00ee.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Dema em li bersiv\u00ean hat\u00ee day\u00een li gor\u00ee belavb\u00fbna bajaran dinih\u00earin, t\u00ea d\u00eetin ku kes\u00ean ku her\u00ee z\u00eade li hember&nbsp;day\u00eena hemwelat\u00eetiya penaber \u00fb ko\u00e7beran \u00eet\u00eeraz dikin t\u00ea d\u00eetin ku kes\u00ean ku ji Wan\u00ea (%76,79 \u00fb \u015eirnex (%60,4) tevl\u00ee l\u00eakol\u00een\u00ea b\u00fbne ne. Van j\u00ee bi r\u00eaz\u00ea be\u015fdar\u00ean li \u00cezm\u00eer\u00ea (%48,9), li Stenbol\u00ea (%38,9) \u00fb li Amed\u00ea (%28,3) di\u015fop\u00eenin. Meyleke wek v\u00ea j\u00ee ji bo \u015fert \u00fb merc\u00ean din j\u00ee t\u00ea ra\u00e7avkirin.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"810\" src=\"http:\/\/spectrumhouse.com.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/19-1024x810.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2539\" srcset=\"https:\/\/spectrumhouse.com.tr\/ku\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/19-1024x810.png 1024w, https:\/\/spectrumhouse.com.tr\/ku\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/19-300x237.png 300w, https:\/\/spectrumhouse.com.tr\/ku\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/19-768x607.png 768w, https:\/\/spectrumhouse.com.tr\/ku\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/19-1536x1215.png 1536w, https:\/\/spectrumhouse.com.tr\/ku\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/19-2048x1620.png 2048w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Ji m\u00earan n\u00eaz\u00ee n\u00eev\u00ea wan (%48,4) digel ku gotine \u2018div\u00ea bi tu away\u00ee hemwelat\u00eet\u00ee ney\u00ea day\u00een\u2019 ev r\u00eaje din ava jinan de hinek din k\u00eam e (%41). Em dib\u00eenin ku cudatiya di vir de j\u00ee tey\u00eesiye pi\u015ftgiriya naskirina maf\u00ea hemwelat\u00eet\u00eey\u00ea ya ji bo hem\u00fb penaber \u00fb ko\u00e7beran. Li gor\u00ee v\u00ea, ji jinan ji %13,6\u2019\u00ean wan pi\u015ftgir\u00ee didin ji bo hem\u00fb kesan div\u00ea ev maf b\u00ea day\u00een\u00ea ev r\u00eaje di m\u00earan de&nbsp;j\u00ee di&nbsp;ji %5,8\u2019an de ye. Di vebij\u00eark\u00ean may\u00ee de di navbera r\u00eajeya m\u00ear \u00fb jinan de bi qas\u00ee her du vebij\u00eark\u00ean din cudat\u00ee nay\u00ea d\u00eetin.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"581\" src=\"http:\/\/spectrumhouse.com.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/20-1024x581.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2540\" srcset=\"https:\/\/spectrumhouse.com.tr\/ku\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/20-1024x581.png 1024w, https:\/\/spectrumhouse.com.tr\/ku\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/20-300x170.png 300w, https:\/\/spectrumhouse.com.tr\/ku\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/20-768x436.png 768w, https:\/\/spectrumhouse.com.tr\/ku\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/20-1536x871.png 1536w, https:\/\/spectrumhouse.com.tr\/ku\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/20-2048x1162.png 2048w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"583\" src=\"http:\/\/spectrumhouse.com.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/21-1024x583.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2541\" srcset=\"https:\/\/spectrumhouse.com.tr\/ku\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/21-1024x583.png 1024w, https:\/\/spectrumhouse.com.tr\/ku\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/21-300x171.png 300w, https:\/\/spectrumhouse.com.tr\/ku\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/21-768x437.png 768w, https:\/\/spectrumhouse.com.tr\/ku\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/21-1536x875.png 1536w, https:\/\/spectrumhouse.com.tr\/ku\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/21-2048x1166.png 2048w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Di navbera be\u015fdar\u00ean ku \u00eefade kirine ku li Tirkiyey\u00ea cudakar\u00ee heye \u00fb ew bi&nbsp;xwe j\u00ee endam\u00ea komeke bi v\u00ea cudakariy\u00ea re r\u00fb bi r\u00fb maye ye, li gor\u00ee be\u015fdar\u00ean ku diyar dikin ku cudakar\u00ee tune ye \u00fb ew bixwe j\u00ee ne endam\u00ea komeke bi cudakariy\u00ea re r\u00fb bi r\u00fb maye ye, hem r\u00eajeya kes\u00ean ku ji bo \u00eetiraz\u00ea xwe gihandina penaber \u00fb ko\u00e7beran ji bo maf\u00ea hemwelat\u00eetiy\u00ea dikin h\u00een k\u00eamtir e (%42,7 hwd. %49,7 \u00fb %39,2 hwd. %53,1) hem j\u00ee r\u00eajeya kes\u00ean ku pi\u015ftgir\u00ee didin bila hem\u00fb bikarin xwe bigih\u00eenin v\u00ea maf\u00ea h\u00een z\u00eadetir e (%11,7 hwd. %4,2 \u00fb %13,4 hwd. %3,3).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"581\" src=\"http:\/\/spectrumhouse.com.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/22-1024x581.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2542\" srcset=\"https:\/\/spectrumhouse.com.tr\/ku\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/22-1024x581.png 1024w, https:\/\/spectrumhouse.com.tr\/ku\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/22-300x170.png 300w, https:\/\/spectrumhouse.com.tr\/ku\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/22-768x436.png 768w, https:\/\/spectrumhouse.com.tr\/ku\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/22-1536x871.png 1536w, https:\/\/spectrumhouse.com.tr\/ku\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/22-2048x1162.png 2048w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">5-T\u00eakiliy\u00ean Ciwak\u00ee<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Ji be\u015fdaran ji %40\u2019\u00ea wan bi penaber \u00fb ko\u00e7beran re heval\u00ea n\u00eaz\u00eek, ji %39,4\u2019\u00ean wan c\u00eeran, ji %352\u2019\u00ea wan heval\u00ea kar, ji %18,5\u2019\u00ea wan heval\u00ea male ji %18,3\u2019y\u00ean wan hezkir\u00ee, ji %16\u2019\u00ean wan dikare bibe hevj\u00een \u00fb ji %16,6\u2019\u00ean wan j\u00ee \u00eefade kirine ku ew dikarin van t\u00eakiliyan hem\u00fbyan p\u00eak b\u00eenin. Dema em li kategoriya n\u00eazikahiya civak\u00ee ve ji aliy\u00ea berbelavb\u00fbna bajaran ve l\u00ea dinih\u00earin j\u00ee wek&nbsp;hejmar\u00ee \u00fb r\u00eajey\u00ee be\u015fdar\u00ean li Stenbol\u00ea ji be\u015fdar\u00ean bajar\u00ean din h\u00een z\u00eadetir difikirin ku ew dikarin bi penaber \u00fb ko\u00e7beran re t\u00eakiliy\u00ean civak\u00ee&nbsp;p\u00eak b\u00eenin.&nbsp;Be\u015fdar\u00ean li Wan\u00ea j\u00ee ligel be\u015fdar\u00ean bajar\u00ean din bi gelemper\u00ee di asteke h\u00een k\u00eamtir de t\u00eakil\u00ee gir\u00eadana bi penaber \u00fb ko\u00e7beran re difikirin. Ev encam ji aliy\u00ea be\u015fdaran ve n\u00ee\u015fandana \u00eeht\u00eemala bi penaber \u00fb ko\u00e7beran re di form\u00ean cuda de \u00fb ji aliy\u00ea sosyali ve t\u00eakil\u00ee p\u00eakan\u00een\u00ea de er\u00ean\u00ee ye, l\u00ea bel\u00ea ji aliy\u00ea din ve pi\u015fgir\u00eenedana wan a maf\u00ea penaber \u00fb ko\u00e7beran \u00fb ji aliy\u00ea fikir\u00eena wan a div\u00ea ew bi pa\u015f ve li welat\u00ea wan b\u00eane vegerandin nakokiyeke derdixe hol\u00ea. Ev rew\u015f j\u00ee dide n\u00ee\u015fandan ku be\u015fek gir\u00eeng \u00ean be\u015fdaran wer bawer dikin ku div\u00ea penaber \u00fb ko\u00e7ber li welat\u00ea wan an j\u00ee li welateke s\u00eayemin b\u00eane vegerandin, l\u00ea bel\u00ea ji aliy\u00ea din ve di dema ku bi wan re li vir mane de \u2018bi demeke dembor\u00ee\u2019 di ast\u00ean cuda de ji p\u00eakan\u00eena t\u00eakiy\u00ean sosyal ve daxwazb\u00fbna xwe n\u00ee\u015fan didin. Ev n\u00eaz\u00eekah\u00ee bi awayek diyar bi taybet di nava be\u015fdar\u00ean li Stenbol\u00ea de derdikeve hol\u00ea.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"1014\" src=\"http:\/\/spectrumhouse.com.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/23-1024x1014.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2543\" srcset=\"https:\/\/spectrumhouse.com.tr\/ku\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/23-1024x1014.png 1024w, https:\/\/spectrumhouse.com.tr\/ku\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/23-300x297.png 300w, https:\/\/spectrumhouse.com.tr\/ku\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/23-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/spectrumhouse.com.tr\/ku\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/23-768x761.png 768w, https:\/\/spectrumhouse.com.tr\/ku\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/23-1536x1521.png 1536w, https:\/\/spectrumhouse.com.tr\/ku\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/23-2048x2028.png 2048w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Dema em li cudakirina jin \u00fb m\u00earan dinih\u00earin j\u00ee ligel m\u00earan be\u015fdar\u00ean jin \u00eefade kirine ku ew h\u00een z\u00eade, bi penaber \u00fb ko\u00e7beran re dikarin n\u00eaz\u00eetiya sosyal ya hey\u00ee p\u00eak b\u00eenin.&nbsp;Ji bil\u00ee v\u00ea j\u00ee di navbera be\u015fdar\u00ean jin de r\u00eajeya diyar dikin ku ew bi penaber \u00fb ko\u00e7beran re dikarin c\u00eerant\u00ee, zewac \u00fb hevaltiy\u00ea p\u00eak b\u00eenin, ji r\u00eajeya be\u015fdar\u00ean m\u00ear her \u00e7iqas ku h\u00een z\u00eade be j\u00ee, di navbera be\u015fdar\u00ean m\u00ear de kes\u00ean ku diyar kirine ku ew dikarin hevaltiya n\u00eaz\u00eek, hezkir\u00eet\u00ee \u00fb hevaltiya di kar de p\u00eak bininin h\u00een z\u00eadetir e.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"702\" src=\"http:\/\/spectrumhouse.com.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/24-1024x702.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2544\" srcset=\"https:\/\/spectrumhouse.com.tr\/ku\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/24-1024x702.png 1024w, https:\/\/spectrumhouse.com.tr\/ku\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/24-300x206.png 300w, https:\/\/spectrumhouse.com.tr\/ku\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/24-768x527.png 768w, https:\/\/spectrumhouse.com.tr\/ku\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/24-1536x1054.png 1536w, https:\/\/spectrumhouse.com.tr\/ku\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/24-2048x1405.png 2048w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Me di \u00e7ar\u00e7oveya l\u00eakol\u00een\u00ea de li faktor\u00ean wek; asta k\u00eafxwe\u015fiy\u00ea ya bi gelemper\u00ee&nbsp;ji jiyan\u00ea \u00fb ji bajar\u00ea ku l\u00ea dij\u00een, ewletiya saz\u00eetiy\u00ea, b\u00eaewletiya sosyoekonom\u00eek, fikara sosyopol\u00eet\u00eek, t\u00eagihana cudakariya kesane \u00fb saz\u00eetiy\u00ea, eleqeya bi siyaset\u00ea re \u00fb li Tirkiyey\u00ea ji me\u015f\u00eena demokrasiy\u00ea&nbsp;k\u00eafxwe\u015fb\u00fbn\u00ea nih\u00ear\u00ee. Her \u00e7iqas ku ev faktor\u00ean&nbsp;der bar\u00ea penaber \u00fb ko\u00e7beran de hema bigire hem\u00fb j\u00ee bi bersiv\u00ean er\u00ean\u00ee di nava t\u00eakiliyeke poz\u00eet\u00eef de be j\u00ee mirov dikare bib\u00eaje ku ev t\u00eakil\u00ee bi awayek\u00ee&nbsp;\u00eestat\u00eek\u00ee ne di asteke cid\u00ee ya giring de ye. Li hember v\u00ea helwesta er\u00ean\u00ee ya qadek\u00ea ya der bar\u00ea penaber \u00fb ko\u00e7beran de (m\u00eenak c\u00eewarb\u00fbn an j\u00ee hemwelat\u00eet\u00ee) li hember\u00ee qad\u00ean din j\u00ee bi awayek \u00eestat\u00eek\u00ee di nava t\u00eakiliyeke er\u00ean\u00ee ya k\u00eam nay\u00ea d\u00eetin de t\u00ea d\u00eetin.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Asta&nbsp;k\u00eafxwe\u015fiy\u00ea ya be\u015fdaran ji aliy\u00ea bi gelemper\u00ee ji jiyan\u00ea \u00fb ji bajar\u00ea ku l\u00ea dij\u00ee, ewletiya saz\u00eetiy\u00ea \u00fb karg\u00eeniya demokrat\u00eek bi hev re di nava t\u00eakiliyeke poz\u00eet\u00eef de be j\u00ee (dema yek z\u00eade dibe y\u00ea din j\u00ee z\u00eade dibe), heman guherbar bi fikara sosyopol\u00eet\u00eek \u00fb cudakariya kesane \u00fb saz\u00eetiy\u00ea re di nava t\u00eakiliyeke negat\u00eef ye (dema yek z\u00eade dibe y\u00ean din k\u00eam&nbsp;dibin). Dema k\u00eafxwe\u015fiya jiyan\u00ea, ewletiya saz\u00eetiy\u00ea \u00fb karg\u00eeniya demokrat\u00eek bi penaber \u00fb ko\u00e7beran re ji aliy\u00ea guherbariya n\u00eazikatiya sosyal ve di nava t\u00eakiliyeke negat\u00eef de be j\u00ee, t\u00eakiliya wek v\u00ea bi k\u00eafxwe\u015fiya demokrasiye re \u00fb bi pa\u015f ve \u015fandin\u00ea re j\u00ee derdikeve hol\u00ea. Bi \u00eefadeyeke&nbsp;h\u00een vekir\u00ee dema di navbera be\u015fdaran de ji aliy\u00ea k\u00eafxwe\u015fiya jiyan\u00ea, ewletiya saz\u00eetiy\u00ea \u00fb karg\u00eeniya demokrat\u00eek de asta k\u00eafxwe\u015fiy\u00ea z\u00eade dibe daxwaza p\u00eakan\u00eena n\u00eazikatiya sosyal\u00ee ya bi penaber \u00fb ko\u00e7beran re j\u00ee k\u00eam dibe.&nbsp;Dema di be\u015fdaran de asta fikara sosyopol\u00eet\u00eek, t\u00eagihana cudakariya ya kesane \u00fb saz\u00eetiye \u00fb bi siyaset\u00eare eleqe z\u00eade dibe li Tirkiy\u00ea bicihb\u00fbna penaber \u00fb ko\u00e7beran \u00fb bandora wan a li ser aboriy\u00ea pi\u015fgiriya ji bo bi pa\u015f ve ne\u015fandin\u00ea \u00fb daxwaza bi wan re p\u00eakan\u00eena n\u00eaz\u00eekatiya sosyal ji aliy\u00ea er\u00ean\u00ee ve z\u00eade dibe. Wek daw\u00ee, ji bo penaber \u00fb ko\u00e7beran dest\u00fbr day\u00eena bicihb\u00fbna li Tirkiyey\u00ea \u00fb bandora wan ali ser aboriy\u00ea, pi\u015ftgiriya ji bo bi pa\u015f ve nea\u015fandin\u00ea \u00fb daxwaz bi wan re p\u00eakan\u00eena n\u00eazikatiya sosyal bi hev&nbsp;re din ava t\u00eakiliyeke er\u00ean\u00ee de ne. Dema ji bo yek\u00ee pi\u015ftgir\u00ee z\u00eade dibe an j\u00ee ji bo derbar\u00ea yek\u00ee de dema helwesta er\u00ean\u00ee bi p\u00ea\u015f dikeve, pi\u015ftgiriya ji y\u00ean din re \u00fb helwesta der bar\u00ea wan de j\u00ee ji aliy\u00ea er\u00ean\u00ee ve bi p\u00ea\u015f dikeve.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">NIRXANDIN<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>N\u00fbvey\u00ean v\u00ea l\u00eakol\u00eena ku li Wan, \u015eirnex, \u00cezm\u00eer \u00fb Stenbol\u00ea hat\u00ee p\u00eakan\u00een, di t\u00eagihan \u00fb hewesta Nif\u015fa Z a Kurd a der bar\u00ea penaber \u00fb ko\u00e7beran de derfet da me ku em deran\u00ean giring \u00ean li j\u00ear derx\u00eenin hol\u00ea.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Wek p\u00ea\u015fan\u00ee he \u00e7iqas ku hema bigire n\u00eev\u00ea be\u015fdaran&nbsp;<strong><em>li hember\u00ee hatin \u00fb li Tirkiy\u00ea bicihb\u00fbna penaber \u00fb ko\u00e7beran derkevin j\u00ee ji be\u015fdaran bi r\u00eajeyeke wek v\u00ea j\u00ee, ji bo penaberan bi pa\u015f ve \u015fandina welat\u00ea wan pi\u015ftgir\u00ee didin.&nbsp;<\/em><\/strong>Dema sedem\u00ean van t\u00ea pirs\u00een j\u00ee bersiv\u00ean be\u015fdaran dane ten\u00ea bi v\u00ea daxwaza bi&nbsp;\u00e7ima dest\u00fbr ney\u00ea day\u00een&nbsp;vegotin\u00ea bi s\u00eenor nam\u00eene di heman dem\u00ea de&nbsp;<strong><em>helwest\u00ean wan \u00ean der bar\u00ea penaber \u00fb ko\u00e7beran de y\u00ean dijminkirin\u00ea, dervey\u00ee mirov kirin\u00ea \u00fb gotin\u00ean wan \u00ean nefret\u00ea<\/em><\/strong>&nbsp;j\u00ee derdixe hol\u00ea. Ev rew\u015f di c\u00eehan\u00ea de di ceriband\u00ean\u00ean \u00fb l\u00eeteretur\u00ean cuda de j\u00ee bi gurah\u00ee derdikeve p\u00ea\u015fber\u00ee me.&nbsp;Bi \u00eefadeyeke&nbsp;h\u00een vekir\u00eetir penaber \u00fb ko\u00e7ber bi nasnamey\u00ean wan&nbsp;\u00ean sosyal\u00ee dema&nbsp;li ber \u00e7avan b\u00eane girtin bi piran\u00ee ji aliy\u00ea hemwelatiy\u00ean welat\u00ean ku l\u00ea bi cih b\u00fbne ve wek kes\u00ean ku&nbsp;refah, aram\u00ee \u00fb aboriya welat tehd\u00eed dikin, dibin sedem\u00ea b\u00eakarb\u00fbne \u00fb kes an j\u00ee kom\u00ean wek ku qad\u00ean jiyan\u00ea y\u00ean hemwelatiyan teng dikin t\u00eane t\u00eagihankirin \u00fb ji ber v\u00ea sedem\u00ea j\u00ee bi piran\u00ee dibin hedefa vederkirin\u00ea, dem bi dem j\u00ee dibin hedefa nefreta girsey\u00ee \u00fb hedefa h\u00ears\u00ea. (Judd ve Park, 2005; Schneider, 2008). Dema bi helwesteke wek\u00ee veder\u00ee, dijminkirin\u00ee re r\u00fb bi r\u00fb dim\u00eenin, sosyo\u00e7and\u00ee, abor\u00ee, cudatiya kesane \u00fb kapas\u00eeteya mirov\u00ee y\u00ean&nbsp;kom\u00ean penaber \u00fb ko\u00e7beran bi piran\u00ee li ber \u00e7avan nay\u00ea girtin \u00fb bi nirxandina ney\u00een\u00ee ya weke komeke homojen ev helwest \u00fb t\u00eagihana ney\u00een\u00ee t\u00ea gelemper\u00eekirin (Simon 1992). Mirov dikare n\u00ear\u00eena, div\u00ea ji hatin \u00fb li Tirkiyey\u00ea&nbsp;bicihb\u00fbna penaber \u00fb ko\u00e7beran re dest\u00fbr ney\u00ea day\u00een a&nbsp;n\u00eaz\u00ee n\u00eev\u00ea Nif\u015fa Z a Kurd a ku be\u015fdar\u00ee v\u00ea l\u00eakol\u00een\u00ea b\u00fbne&nbsp;bi v\u00ee away\u00ee bi bingeh bike.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ji aliy\u00ea din ve ji aliy\u00ea n\u00eaz\u00ee ji her p\u00eanc be\u015fdaran yek\u00ea wan beyan kirine ku div\u00ea ji bo penaber \u00fb ko\u00e7beran dest\u00fbra hatin \u00fb bicihb\u00fbna li Tirkiyey\u00ea ney\u00ea day\u00een,&nbsp;dide n\u00ee\u015fandan ku&nbsp;<strong><em>di nava Nif\u015fa Z a Kurd de der bar\u00ea penaber \u00fb ko\u00e7beran de helwest\u00ean cuda cih digire, di bingeha van de j\u00ee n\u00eazikatiya ol\u00ee, mirov\u00ee \u00fb mafan bingeh digire esas hat\u00ee girtin,<\/em><\/strong>&nbsp;dikare b\u00ea gotin. Ji v\u00ee aliy\u00ea ve be\u015feke k\u00eam nay\u00ea d\u00eetin ya Nif\u015fa Z a Kurd, li hember\u00ee dijbertiya ji bo penaber \u00fb ko\u00e7beran a li welat berbelav e,&nbsp;<strong><em>stir\u00een\u00ea weke maf\u00ea me\u015fr\u00fb&nbsp;<\/em><\/strong><strong><em>\u00fb b\u00ea pi\u015ftgir\u00ee<\/em><\/strong><strong><em>kirin d\u00eetin<\/em><\/strong>&nbsp;giring e \u00fb balk\u00ea\u015f e.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ji aliy\u00ea be\u015fdar\u00ean li \u00cezm\u00eer \u00fb Stenbol\u00ea ve der bar\u00ea hatin \u00fb li Tirkiyey\u00ea bicihb\u00fbna penaber \u00fb ko\u00e7beran de div\u00ea dest\u00fbr b\u00ea day\u00een\u00ea ji be\u015fdar\u00ean bajar\u00ean din h\u00een z\u00eadetir pi\u015ftgir\u00ee day\u00eena wan wek\u00ee ceribandina&nbsp;<strong><em>ko\u00e7a hundir\u00een a asta p\u00ea\u015fketina sosyoekonom\u00eek \u00fb derfet\u00ean mirov\u00ean ji \u00e7and\u00ean cuda bi hev re mayin\u00ea ve dibe ku risteke er\u00ean\u00ee l\u00eestibe,<\/em><\/strong>&nbsp;gotin \u015fa\u015f nabe. Berevaj\u00ee v\u00ea ev pi\u015ftgir\u00ee bi tayber j\u00ee li \u015eirnex \u00fb Wan\u00ea h\u00een k\u00eamtir e. Wan j\u00ee bajarek\u00ee ku, penaber \u00fb ko\u00e7ber\u00ean bi taybet ji Afxanistan, \u00ceran \u00fb Pak\u00eestan\u00ea t\u00ean bi demeke<sup><a href=\"#footnote-001\">4<\/a><\/sup>&nbsp;diyar dim\u00eenin \u00fb ji ber v\u00ea yek\u00ea&nbsp;j\u00ee&nbsp;<strong><em>di navbera civaka xwecih\u00ee \u00fb penaber \u00fb ko\u00e7beran de pevgirtin bi sinor e<\/em><\/strong>&nbsp;b\u00fbna w\u00ee \u00fb \u015eirnex j\u00ee bajarek\u00ee ku ji aliy\u00ea&nbsp;<strong><em>sosyo\u00e7and\u00ee ve cudatiyan zehf di nava xwe de nahew\u00eene<\/em><\/strong>&nbsp;ye \u00fb ji sal\u00ean 1990\u2019\u00ee vir ve ev deh sal\u00ean daw\u00een in ku kes\u00ean ku li Ba\u015f\u00fbr Rojhilat\u00ea S\u00fbriyey\u00ea\/Rojava dij\u00een j\u00ee di nav de&nbsp;<strong><em>b\u00fbne \u015fahide per\u00e7\u00fbn\u00ean tund, bajarek\u00ee \u2018li s\u00eenor\u2019<\/em><\/strong>&nbsp;b\u00fbna w\u00ee j\u00ee dikare b\u00ea \u00eedia kirin ku bandor l\u00ea kir\u00ee.&nbsp;Ji bil\u00ee v\u00ea her du bajar j\u00ee ji aliy\u00ea p\u00ea\u015fketina sosyoabor\u00eek ve ji bajar\u00ean din bi taybet\u00ee j\u00ee ji Stenbol \u00fb \u00cezm\u00eer\u00ea bi pa\u015f de ne (Acar \u00fb y\u00ean din, 2019).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><em>Ji aliy\u00ea be\u015fdar\u00ean jin ve li gor\u00ee m\u00earan ji bo penaber \u00fb ko\u00e7ber li Tirkiyey<\/em><\/strong><strong><em>\u00ea bi cih bibin dest\u00fbr b\u00ea day\u00een\u00ea h\u00een z\u00eadetir \u00fb ji bo dest\u00fbr ney\u00ea day\u00een\u00ea j\u00ee h\u00een k\u00eamtir pi\u015ftgir\u00ee day\u00eena wan&nbsp;<\/em><\/strong>bi n\u00fbvey\u00ean l\u00eakol\u00een\u00ean hey\u00ee y\u00ean li Tirkiyey\u00ea \u00fb Ewropay\u00ea re di nava nakokiy\u00ea de ye (Erdo\u011fan, \u0662\u0660\u0662\u0662; T\u00fcmta\u015f, \u0662\u0660\u0662\u0660; Ponce, \u0662\u0660\u0661\u0667; Chieppa, \u0662\u0660\u0662\u0661). Jin\u00ean ku be\u015fdar\u00ea v\u00ea l\u00eakol\u00een\u00ea b\u00fbne didin xuyakirin ku&nbsp;ew h\u00een z\u00eade pi\u015ftgir\u00ee didin maf\u00ean penaber \u00fb milteciyan \u00fb ji sedem\u00ean ku di bin v\u00ea de ne j\u00ea yek j\u00ee ji ber ku&nbsp;<strong><em>jin\u00ean Kurd \u00ean koma hindikah\u00ee di nava pergala netewperest \u00fb sosyoaekonomiya kap\u00eetal\u00eest \u00fb patr\u00eearkal de ji koma ku her\u00ee zehf di bin \u00e7ewisandin\u00ea de ne<\/em><\/strong>&nbsp;dibe sedem ku di navbera encam\u00ean neheq\u00ee, b\u00eahiquq\u00ee, \u00e7ewisandin \u00fb lidervehi\u015ftin\u00ea \u00fb ceribandin\u00ean xwe de bi t\u00eakil\u00ee gir\u00eadan\u00ea dikar\u00ea b\u00ea vegotin. Daxuyaniya ku ji aliy\u00ea 82 saz\u00ee \u00fb 635 jin\u00ean ku ji Tirkiy\u00ea ne ve der bar\u00ea v\u00ea de di demeke n\u00eaz de hat\u00ee day\u00een de \u201cwek hedef n\u00ee\u015fanday\u00eena ko\u00e7ber \u00fb milteciyan, bi cih\u00ea \u015fa\u015f ve kanal\u00eezekirina h\u00earsa ku li hember pirsgir\u00eak\u00ean sosyoekonom\u00eek \u00ean ji her be\u015f\u00ean civak\u00ea y\u00ean hey\u00ee komb\u00fbne \u00fb kamuflekirina berpirsiyariya \u00eekt\u00eedara siyas\u00ee ji van r\u00eabazan yek e bi \u00eefadekirin\u00ea li Tirkiyey\u00ea gotin\u00ean n\u00eejadperest&nbsp;y\u00ean beraliy\u00ea ko\u00e7beran e ji li ser \u201cewlehiya jinan\u201d ve p\u00eak&nbsp;an\u00eene re hember derketin\u00ea da zan\u00een (Duvar, 2022).&nbsp;<strong><em>Ji aliy\u00ea m\u00earan ve ji penaber \u00fb ko\u00e7beran, bi taybet j\u00ee di piyaseya kar de, ji bo xwegihadina \u00e7avkaniy\u00ean bis\u00eenor wek endam\u00ean \u201ckoma derve\u201d a ku div\u00ea p\u00eare reqabet b\u00ea kirin d\u00eetin<\/em><\/strong>&nbsp;wek sedem\u00ean bingeh\u00een \u00ean helwest\u00ean ney\u00een\u00ee y\u00ean der bar\u00ea penaber \u00fb ko\u00e7beran de derdikeve hol\u00ea (Mayda, 2006).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><em>Di navbera be\u015fdar\u00ean ku asta wan a perwerdehiy\u00ea bilind in de li gor\u00ee y\u00ean ku asta perwedehiya wan k\u00eam in de der bar\u00ea hatin \u00fb li Tirkiy\u00ea bicihb\u00fbna penaber \u00fb ko\u00e7beran de h\u00een z\u00eadetir e.<\/em><\/strong>&nbsp;Ev rew\u015f dikare bi \u00e7end sedeman b\u00ea vegotin. Be\u015fdar\u00ean ku asta wan a perwerdehiy\u00ea bilind in der bar\u00ea \u015fert \u00fb merc\u00ean penaber \u00fb ko\u00e7beran de ya li Tirkiy\u00ea \u00fb welat\u00ea ku j\u00ea hat\u00ee de ji bo ji&nbsp;<strong><em>h\u00een z\u00eadetir \u00e7avkaniyan agahdar b\u00fbn<\/em><\/strong><strong><em>\u00ea<\/em><\/strong><strong><em>, di berdewama dema perwerdehiy\u00ea ya z\u00eadetir de etn\u00eek\u00ea cuda, bi mirov\u00ean ku ji ol\u00ee \u00fb sosyo\u00e7and\u00ea hatine re h\u00een z\u00eadetir di nava bi bandorb\u00fbn\u00ea de b\u00fbn \u00fb bi fikir\u00eena penabert\u00ee \u00fb ko\u00e7bert\u00ee mafek bingeh\u00een \u00ea mirovan e bi \u00eehtimala akadem\u00eek \u00fb pevgir\u00eadana sosyal ve hatibe rojev\u00ea&nbsp;<\/em><\/strong>dibe ku di v\u00ea de rista xwe l\u00eestibe. Ji bil\u00ee v\u00ea xebat\u00ean hey\u00ee, ji aliy\u00ea hemwelatiy\u00ean ku asta perwedehiya wan bilind in ve penaber \u00fb ko\u00e7beran wek raqib ned\u00eetin j\u00ee ji aliy\u00ea bandorl\u00eakirin\u00ea de bin\u00ea w\u00ea dikare b\u00ea x\u00eazkirin. (Kunovich, 2004; Semyonov \u00fb y\u00ean din, 2006). Ji ber v\u00ea j\u00ee,<strong><em>&nbsp;ji aliy\u00ea Nif\u015fa Z a Kurd \u00ean asta perwerdeya wan bilind in penaber \u00fb ko\u00e7beran ji bo xwe wek komeke r\u00eesk\u00ea nahew\u00eene d<\/em><\/strong><strong><em>\u00eetina wan \u00eehtimaleke mezin e<\/em><\/strong>, dibe ku bi fikirin ku sermiyana wan a bikare bi wan re reqabet bike tune be \u00fb ji ber v\u00ea j\u00ee dikare b\u00ea \u00eedia kirin ku ew wan ji bo xwe wek\u00ee tehd\u00eet nab\u00eenin.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ji bil\u00ee v\u00ea j\u00ee di nava be\u015fdar\u00ean ku ji olek\u00ea bawer dikin de der bar\u00ea hatin \u00fb bicihb\u00fbna penaber \u00fb ko\u00e7beran a li Tirkiy\u00ea k\u00eamb\u00fbna pi\u015ftgirya wan, gotina hikumet\u00ea ya&nbsp;<em>ensar-muhacir<\/em>&nbsp;a ku wek di nava gelemperiya civak\u00ea de j\u00ee t\u00ea d\u00eetin (Erdo\u011fan, 2017) li cem Nif\u015fa Z a Kurd j\u00ee beramberiyek\u00ea gir\u00eeng ned\u00eetibe derdixe hol\u00ea. Di v\u00ea \u00e7ar\u00e7ovey\u00ea de, her \u00e7iqas ku be\u015feke gir\u00eeng a be\u015fdaran beyan dikin ku ew bi \u00ceslamiyet\u00ea bawer dikin \u00fb dema li \u015f\u00eaniy\u00ean penaber \u00fb ko\u00e7beran \u00ean li Tirkiy\u00ea ji aliy\u00ea piraniya kes\u00ean hat\u00ee ji welat\u00ean bi \u00eeslamiyet\u00ea bawer dikin t\u00ean b\u00ea n\u00ear\u00een, ji ber&nbsp;<strong><em>Nif\u015fa Z a Kurd j\u00ee bi heman ol\u00ea bawer dikin dibe ku helwesta er\u00ean\u00ee ya der bar\u00ea penaber \u00fb ko\u00e7beran de dikare b\u00ea gotin ku v\u00ea l\u00ea r\u00ea vekiriye.<\/em><\/strong>&nbsp;L\u00eakol\u00een dide n\u00ee\u015fan ku her \u00e7iqas ku ji be\u015fdaran ji n\u00eev\u00ea z\u00eadetir\u00ea wan bizanibe ku&nbsp;<strong><em>xetereya jiyana wan heye j\u00ee d\u00eesa j\u00ee di bi pa\u015f ve \u015fandina penaberan a li welat\u00ea wan de li hev kirine.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Dema em li cudahiy\u00ean di navbera bajaran de din\u00earin j\u00ee bi r\u00eaz\u00ea b\u00ea\u015fdar\u00ean li Stenbol, \u00cezm\u00eer \u00fb Amed\u00ea ne ji aliy\u00ea penaberan bi pa\u015f ve ne\u015fandin\u00ea ve, ji be\u015fdar\u00ean ku li Wan \u00fb \u015eirnex\u00ea ne bi navberek vekir\u00ee h\u00een z\u00eadetir pi\u015ftgir\u00ee didin. Di v\u00ea de, li Stenbol \u00fb \u00cezm\u00eer\u00ea ku&nbsp;metropol\u00ean mezin in hal\u00eehazir bi hejmara nikare k\u00eam b\u00ea hesibandin ko\u00e7ber \u00fb penaberan dihew\u00eene \u00fb li Amed\u00ea j\u00ee daxwaza maf\u00ea Kurdan a siyasal\u00ee-civak\u00ee \u00fb rola w\u00ee ya di akt\u00eev\u00eezm\u00ea de \u00fb ji ber ku be\u015fek gir\u00eeng penaber ji Ba\u015f\u00fbr \u00fb Rojhilat\u00ea S\u00fbriy\u00ea, ji Rojava hatin\u00ea dibe ku v\u00ea bandor l\u00ea kiribe.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Wek ku di pirsa dest\u00fbra ciwarb\u00fbn\u00ea de j\u00ee heye&nbsp;<strong><em>pi\u015ftgiriya der bar\u00ea div\u00ea penaber bi pa\u015f ve b\u00eane \u015fandin di nava be\u015fdar\u00ean jin de ligel be\u015fdar\u00ean m\u00ear h\u00een k\u00eamtir e \u00fb li hember v\u00ea j\u00ee pi\u015fgiriya der bar\u00ea div\u00ea bi pa\u015f ve ney\u00ean \u015fandin h\u00een z\u00eadetir e.&nbsp;<\/em><\/strong>Li qad\u00ean ku pev\u00e7\u00fbn t\u00ea jiy\u00een her \u00e7iqas ku jin \u00fb zarok \u015fer nekin j\u00ee koma her\u00ee z\u00eade ji ber \u015fer bandordar b\u00fbna wan (Kangas \u00fb y\u00ean din, 2014; Da\u015fl\u0131 \u00fb y\u00ean din, 2016) \u00fb ji aliy\u00ea h\u00eaza kar dom\u00eene kirin\u00ea ve ji m\u00earan re ji aliy\u00ea fealiyeta abor\u00eek \u00fb h\u00eazar kar ve raq\u00eeb b\u00fbna penaberan \u00fb stir\u00eena wan a li Tirkiy\u00ea wek \u2018new\u00earekt\u00ee an j\u00ee \u00eexaneta ji welat re\u2019 p\u00eanasekirin (Duman, 2021a) dibe ku li ser v\u00ea encam\u00ea bandor kiribe.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><em>Her \u00e7iqas ku li gor\u00ee peymana Cenevrey\u00ea hatibe \u00eefadekirin ku kes\u00ean ku xeteraya wan a jiyan\u00ee hebe d\u00ea bi pa\u015f ve ney\u00ean \u015fandin j\u00ee ji aliy\u00ea be\u015fek gir\u00eeng a be\u015fdaran ve pi\u015ftgir\u00ee day\u00eena a di ast\u00ean cuda de ji bo penaberan bi pa\u015f ve \u015fandin\u00ea, dide n\u00ee\u015fan ku Nif\u015fa Z a Kurd maf\u00ea xwegihandina mafan a penaberan&nbsp;<\/em><\/strong>(Arendt, 1968) red dikin.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Wek pirsa der bar\u00ea dest\u00fbra c\u00eewarb\u00fbn\u00ea de di navbera be\u015fdaran de din ava kes\u00ean ku&nbsp;<strong><em>asta perwerdehiya wan h\u00een k\u00eam e de pi\u015ftgiriya penaberan \u015fandin\u00ea h\u00een k\u00eam be j\u00ee di nava kes\u00ean ku asta perwerdehiya wan h\u00een bilintir e de ji aliy\u00ea bi pa\u015f ve \u015fandina penaberan ve pi\u015ftgir\u00ee h\u00een k\u00eamtir e.<\/em><\/strong>&nbsp;Ev rew\u015f j\u00ee dikare li ser \u00eehtimala derfeta h\u00een z\u00eade perwerdeyiy\u00ea d\u00eetin\u00ea bi xwegihandina \u00e7ankaniy\u00ean agahiy\u00ean cuda \u00fb bi mirov\u00ean ku xwed\u00ee perspekt\u00eef\u00ean cuda ne re v\u00ea mijar\u00ea ji aliy\u00ea cuda cuda ve n\u00eeqa\u015fkirin\u00ea b\u00ea vegotin.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><em>Ji bil\u00ee v\u00ea kes\u00ean ku xwe a\u00eed\u00ea tu olek\u00ea h\u00ees nakin li gor\u00ee kes\u00ean ku xwe h\u00ees dikin li bi ba\u015f ve \u015fandina penaberan di ast\u00ean cuda de h\u00een z\u00eadetir pi\u015ftgir\u00ee didin.<\/em><\/strong>&nbsp;Ev j\u00ee d\u00eesa mijara&nbsp;<strong><em>\u2018biratiya ol\u00ee\u2019<\/em><\/strong>&nbsp;di nava Nif\u015fa Z a Kurd de xwe a\u00eed\u00ea olek\u00ea h\u00ees dikin&nbsp;<strong><em>didin ni\u015fandan ku mot\u00eevasyoneke gir\u00eeng tune ye.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ji be\u015fdaran be\u015fek gir\u00eeng wer bawer dikin ku&nbsp;<strong><em>mirov\u00ean ku asta wana sosyoabor\u00eek k\u00eam in an\/an j\u00ee ji her\u00eam\u00ean pev\u00e7\u00fbn\u00ea hatine \u00fb dixwazin li Tirkiy\u00ea wek penaber an j\u00ee ko\u00e7ber c\u00eewarbibin ji bo aboriya Tirkiyey\u00ea d\u00ea xerab be.<\/em><\/strong>&nbsp;Ji aliy\u00ea&nbsp;<strong><em>cinsiyet, asta perwerdehiy\u00ea \u00fb asta dahat\u00fby\u00ea<\/em><\/strong>&nbsp;ve dema b\u00ea qiyaskirin j\u00ee di nava be\u015fdaran de&nbsp;<strong><em>cudahiyeke zehf gir\u00eend derdike hol\u00ea.<\/em><\/strong>&nbsp;Bersiva ku ji bo pirsa \u00e7ima bi v\u00ee away\u00ee difikirin dane de ji ber&nbsp;<strong><em>bandora kr\u00eeza aboriy\u00ea ya li welat dij\u00ee piraniya be\u015fdaran beyan dikin ku div\u00ea ew \u00ea ji bo aboriy\u00ea bibin bar, d\u00ea b\u00eakartiy\u00ea z\u00eade bikin, penaber \u00fb ko\u00e7ber ji ber ku wek h\u00eaza erzan a kar t\u00eane xebitandin d\u00ea reqabet\u00ea z\u00eade bikin.<\/em><\/strong>&nbsp;Ev \u00eefade bi kr\u00eeza di aboriy\u00ea de \u00fb der bar\u00ea b\u00eakartiy\u00ea de ji y\u00ean di rastiy\u00ea de hene ji du aliyan ve t\u00eakildar e.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><em>Ya yekem\u00een, s\u00eestema xebat\u00ea ya ku keda penaber \u00fb ko\u00e7beran dimije \u00fb wek h\u00eaza erzan ji bo xebitin\u00ea zor\u00ea li wan dike, di navbera endam\u00ean xwecih\u00ee y\u00ean civak\u00ea \u00fb penaber \u00fb ko\u00e7beran de r\u00ea li ber reqabet\u00ea ve dike<\/em><\/strong>&nbsp;(T\u00fcmta\u015f, 2020). Ango ji bo ku li Tirkiy\u00ea debara xwe p\u00eak b\u00eene wek kes\u00ea ku div\u00ea bixebite her penaber \u00fb ko\u00e7ber j\u00ee mecb\u00fbr\u00ea xebit\u00een\u00ea ne, l\u00ea bel\u00ea di vir de nuxteya ku div\u00ea b\u00ea d\u00eetin j\u00ea yek,&nbsp;<strong><em>di v\u00ea reqabeta ne adil e de berpirsiyariya bingeh\u00een a \u015fert \u00fb merc \u00fb karsaz\u00ean ku wan di \u015fert\u00ean b\u00eaewleh\u00ee de bi m\u00fb\u00e7eyek h\u00een k\u00eamtir \u00fb bi mesa\u00eeyeke h\u00een dir<\/em><\/strong><strong><em>\u00eajtir mecb\u00fbr\u00ea xebit\u00een\u00ea kirin<\/em><\/strong><strong><em>e ne.&nbsp;<\/em><\/strong>Xebit\u00eena penaber \u00fb ko\u00e7beran a di van \u015fert \u00fb mercan de \u00fb normab\u00fbna van, ji bo hemwelatiyan j\u00ee r\u00eesk\u00ea dihew\u00eene, ji ber ku kes\u00ean xwed\u00ee sermayey\u00ea \u00fb karsaz heman \u015fertan li ser hemwelatiyan j\u00ee ferz dikin \u00fb kes\u00ean ku van qeb\u00fbl neke j\u00ee li dervey\u00ee h\u00eaza kar dim\u00eenin.&nbsp;<strong><em>Ya duyem\u00een j\u00ee heb\u00fbna kr\u00eezek\u00ea \u00fb nezan\u00eena hemwelatiyan ya bi v\u00ea re \u00e7awa heq derkeve rastiyeke li ber \u00e7avan e, l\u00ea bel\u00ea berpirsiyar\u00ea v\u00ea j\u00ee ne penaber \u00fb ko\u00e7ber in.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ji ber pol\u00eet\u00eekay\u00ean hukumet\u00ea y\u00ean \u2018Modela mezinb\u00fbna spekulat\u00eef a li ser n\u00eevenga deynan e \u00fb hat\u00ee \u00eespatkirin ku \u00ead\u00ee nay\u00ea me\u015fandin\u2019 (Erin\u00e7 Yeldan \u00fb \u00dcn\u00fcvar, 2016:11), ji ber gotin\u00ean li ser \u2018dijbertiya-rojava hat\u00ee gotin hevkariya bi saziy\u00ean f\u00eenans\u00ee re hat\u00ee dijwar kirin \u00fb bandora v\u00ee ya ney\u00een\u00ee ya li ser enflasyon\u00ea \u00fb TL\u2019y\u00ea\u2019 (Zengin \u00fb Ongur, 2019) \u00fb bi n\u00eevenga&nbsp;<strong><em>em hwd. ew<\/em><\/strong>&nbsp;ya popul\u00eest \u00fb hundur\u00ea binyata saz\u00eetiye \u00fb mekan\u00eezmay\u00ean biryar girtin\u00ea vala kirin (Ar\u0131san, 2022), ketina aboriy\u00ea ya derbend\u00ea ya ku bi qas\u00ee ku mirov nikare ji nav derkeve zor b\u00fbye, ji sedem\u00ean esas\u00ee y\u00ean kr\u00eeza aboriy\u00ea ya&nbsp;t\u00ea j\u00eey\u00een j\u00ea \u00e7end heb\u00ean w\u00ee ne.&nbsp;Wek p\u00eaveka bi v\u00ea ve \u015fewba Cov\u00eed-19\u2019an \u00fb rasterast al\u00eegir buna hukumet\u00ea ya pev\u00e7\u00fbn\u00ea ku li S\u00fbriy\u00ea, Yemen\u00ea, L\u00eebyay\u00ea \u00fb pev\u00e7\u00fbn\u00ean di navbera Azerbeycan \u00fb Ermen\u00eestan\u00ea de \u00fb but\u00e7eya ji bo \u015fer hat\u00ee veqetandin \u00fb pol\u00eet\u00eekany\u00ean di nav xwe de di mijara daxwaz\u00ean kom\u00ean cuda y\u00ean demorat\u00eek de di eksen\u00ea tehd\u00eet-ewlekariy\u00ea de \u00e7ewisandin j\u00ee bar\u00ea kr\u00eeza abor\u00eek ya t\u00ea jiy\u00een z\u00eade kiriye.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Di jiy\u00eena van hem\u00fbyande \u00fb bi taybet j\u00ee ji bo penaber\u00ean S\u00fbriyey\u00ea ji aliy\u00ea fon\u00ean navnetewey\u00ee ve&nbsp;p\u00eakan\u00eena pi\u015ftgiriya f\u00eenans\u00ea (Komeleya Milteciyan, \u0662\u0660\u0662\u0661) her \u00e7iqas ku b\u00ea zan\u00een j\u00ee, ji aliy\u00ea rayedar\u00ean hukumet\u00ea ve gotina \u2018Me ji bo S\u00fbriyey\u00eeyan \u0663\u0660 milyar dolar xerc kir\u2019 (M\u00fclteciler Derne\u011fi, \u0662\u0660\u0662\u0661) \u00fb \u00eediay\u00ean muxalefet\u00ea y\u00ean ji v\u00ea zehf bi ser v\u00ea reqem\u00ea ve xerckirin hat\u00ee p\u00eakan\u00een (Independent Tirk\u00ee, \u0662\u0660\u0662\u0661; Cumhuriyet, \u0662\u0660\u0662\u0662) j\u00ee wek faktoreke ku li ser civaka Tirkiy\u00ea di helwesta ney\u00een\u00ee ya der bar\u00ea penaber \u00fb ko\u00e7beran de bandor kir\u00ee j\u00ea yek e.&nbsp;Di nava v\u00ea nediyariya ji hesabday\u00een\u00ea d\u00fbr de (Sonmez, 2019) fikar\u00ean bingeh\u00een \u00ean ku hemwelat\u00ee dij\u00een j\u00ea yek j\u00ee bi taybet j\u00ee ev but\u00e7eya ku ew bawerdikin ku div\u00ea ji bo wan b\u00ea veqetandin, ji \u2018kes\u00ean ku ne a\u00eed\u00ea vir in\u2019 (Duman \u00fb G\u00fcm\u00fc\u015fba\u015f, 2022) re veqetandina w\u00ea ye. Hab\u00fbk\u00ee&nbsp;<strong><em>ne hukumet bi awayek vekir\u00ee m\u00eeqtara ku t\u00ea \u00eediakirin li ku der\u00ea \u00fb \u00e7i wext\u00ea xerc kir\u00ee vedib\u00eaje, ne j\u00ee muxalefet qeb\u00fbl dike ku ev but\u00e7eya ku ji bo S\u00fbriyeyiyan hat\u00ee xerckirin di esas\u00ea xwe de ji fon\u00ean navnetewey\u00ee hat\u00eeye \u00fb v\u00ea bi raya gel re j\u00ee parve nakin.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Di mijara hemwelatiy\u00ea de j\u00ee dema be\u015fdar di \u00e7ar\u00e7oveya bajar \u00fb cinsiyet\u00ea de t\u00ea r\u00fbbir\u00fbkirin encam\u00ean wek v\u00ea derdikeve hol\u00ea.&nbsp;<strong><em>Be\u015fdar\u00ean li Amed, Stenbol \u00fb \u00cezm\u00eer\u00ea ji be\u015fdar\u00ean li Wan \u00fb \u015eirnex\u00ea \u00fb be\u015fdar\u00ean jin j\u00ee ji be\u015fdar\u00ean m\u00ear h\u00een z\u00eadetir pi\u015ftgir\u00ee didin hemwelat\u00eeb\u00fbna penaber \u00fb ko\u00e7beran.<\/em><\/strong>&nbsp;Di v\u00ea de j\u00ee wek\u00ee li jor j\u00ee hat \u00eefadekirin dibe ku be\u015fdar \u00fb jin\u00ean ku li van bajaran dij\u00een bi penaber \u00fb ko\u00e7beran re h\u00een z\u00eade xwed\u00ee ceribandin\u00ean ney\u00een\u00ee be \u00fb v\u00ea j\u00ee bandor l\u00ea kiribe. Di ser\u00ea van de bi sedem\u00ean wek\u00ee cudakar\u00ee, li derve hi\u015ftin \u00fb xwe di bin \u00e7ewisandin\u00ea de h\u00eeskirin\u00ea ve wek p\u00eavek Stenbol \u00fb \u00cezm\u00eer bajar\u00ean ku demek dir\u00eaj e ku ji hundur \u00fb derve ve ko\u00e7\u00ea digirin in, mumkune ku v\u00ea j\u00ee bandor l\u00ea kiribe.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><em>Dema em li faktor\u00ea cudakariy\u00ea din\u00earin j\u00ee ji be\u015fdar\u00ean ku beyan kirine ku li Tirkiy\u00ea cudakar\u00ee heye an\/an j\u00ee mens\u00fbb\u00ea komeke ku bi cudakariy\u00ea re r\u00fb bi r\u00fb mane ne, bi firqeke k\u00eam be j\u00ee li gor\u00ee be\u015fdar\u00ean ku beyan kirine ku li Tirkiy\u00ea cudakar\u00ee tune ye an\/an j\u00ee mens\u00fbb\u00ea komeke ku bi cudakariy\u00ea re r\u00fb bi r\u00fb nemane ne derbar\u00ea ji bo penaber \u00fb ko\u00e7beran maf\u00ea hemwelat\u00eetiy\u00ea day\u00een\u00ea de h\u00een z\u00eade pi\u015ftgir\u00ee didin.&nbsp;<\/em><\/strong>Wek v\u00ea bi gelemper\u00ee di navbera be\u015fdaran da dema&nbsp;<strong><em>fikara sosyopol\u00eet\u00eek \u00fb bi siyaset\u00ea re eleqe z\u00eade dibe pi\u015ftgiriya ji bo maf\u00ean penaber \u00fb ko\u00e7beran j\u00ee z\u00eade dibe.<\/em><\/strong>&nbsp;\u015eert \u00fb merc\u00ean ku van encaman derxist\u00ee hol\u00ea j\u00ea yek j\u00ee dibe ku di navbera be\u015fdar\u00ean ku ji aliy\u00ea bi cudakariy\u00ea re r\u00fb bi r\u00fb man\u00ea an\/an j\u00ee cudakariya ku koma wan jiyaye h\u00ees kirin\u00ea an j\u00ee bi penaber \u00fb ko\u00e7beran re heman fikar\u00ean sosyopol\u00eet\u00eek jiyan\u00ea de, bi penaber \u00fb ko\u00e7ber\u00ean ku bi \u015f\u00eawaz\u00ean cuda \u00fb deman de \u00fb peywendiyan de bi cudakariy\u00ea re r\u00fb bi r\u00fb mane re bi awayek kom\u00ee empat\u00ee p\u00eak hatibe (Mealy ve Stephan, \u0662\u0660\u0661\u0660).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Dema em ji aliy\u00ea peywendiya t\u00eakiliy\u00ean civak\u00ee ve l\u00ea din\u00earin j\u00ee&nbsp;<strong><em>gotina n\u00eaz\u00ee ji \u00e7aran yek\u00ea be\u015fadaran a dikarin bi penaber \u00fb ko\u00e7beran re hevaltiyek n\u00eaz\u00eek, c\u00eerant\u00ee \u00fb hevaltiya kar p\u00eak b\u00eenin, her \u00e7iqas ku bi hal\u00eehazir\u00ee bi v\u00ea \u015f\u00eawaz\u00ea t\u00eakil\u00ee hat\u00ee gir\u00eadan nehat\u00ee gir\u00eadan em nekarin tesp\u00eet bikin j\u00ee ji aliy\u00ea ragihandin \u00fb ji hev bandor girtin\u00ea a di navbera koman de gelek gir\u00eeng e.<\/em><\/strong>&nbsp;Ji nuxtey\u00ean ku div\u00ea b\u00ea \u00eefadekirin j\u00ea yek j\u00ee&nbsp;<strong><em>bi z\u00eadeb\u00fbna asta n\u00eazikatiya sosyal ve bi r\u00eajeyek h\u00een k\u00eamtir be\u015fdar \u00eefade dikin ku d\u00ea bikarin t\u00eakiliyeke bi v\u00ee away\u00ee p\u00eak b\u00eenin.<\/em><\/strong>&nbsp;N\u00eaz\u00ee n\u00eevan\u00eev daketina r\u00eajeya di hezkir\u00eetiy\u00ea, hevj\u00een\u00ee \u00fb hevaltiya mal\u00ea de j\u00ee bern\u00ee\u015faneya v\u00ea ye.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><em>Di n<\/em><\/strong><strong><em>\u00eaz\u00eekah\u00eeya maf bingeh in de ji aliy\u00ea be\u015fdaran ve bi be\u015feke gir\u00eeng<\/em><\/strong><strong><em>&nbsp;nepejirandin fikar\u00ea dide.&nbsp;<\/em><\/strong>L\u00eakol\u00eena ku h\u00een ber\u00ea li Tirkiy\u00ea li ser Nif\u015fa Z hat\u00ee p\u00eakan\u00een bi v\u00ea l\u00ealol\u00een\u00ea re encam\u00ean wek hev derxistina w\u00ea \u00fb ji aliy\u00ea be\u015fadaran ve istihdama penaber \u00fb ko\u00e7beran ji bo aram\u00ee \u00fb refaha civak\u00ea wek r\u00eesk an j\u00ee tehd\u00eet d\u00eetin \u00fb heta van bi ser \u015fa\u015fitiy\u00ean ku rast t\u00ea zan\u00een ve vegotina wan j\u00ee taybetiy\u00ean wek\u00ee \u2018azad\u00eexwaz\u2019 \u00fb \u2018afir\u00eener\u2019 y\u00ean ku ji bo&nbsp;<strong><em>Nif\u015fa Z hat\u00ee atifkirin j\u00ee dema penaber \u00fb ko\u00e7ber dibin mijar t\u00ea d\u00eetin ku risteke zehf kir\u00eet\u00eek dil\u00eeze,&nbsp;<\/em><\/strong>n\u00ee\u015fan dide.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Wek daw\u00ee dema li encaman t\u00ea nih\u00ear\u00een bi gelemper\u00ee&nbsp;<strong><em>ji be\u015fdaran ji %20-30\u2019\u00ea wan di pirs\u00ean bi penaber \u00fb ko\u00e7beran ve eleqedar de t\u00ea d\u00eetin ku bersiva \u2018ez ne em\u00een im\u2019 dane.<\/em><\/strong>&nbsp;Ev r\u00eaje ji bo \u015f\u00eaniyeke ewqas ciwan di asteke kr\u00eet\u00eek de ye. Ji ber ku mijar\u00ean ku l\u00eakol\u00een di xwe de dehew\u00eene \u015f\u00eaniy\u00ean van salan bi taybet eleqeder dike, lewre dema penaber \u00fb ko\u00e7ber bim\u00eenin li p\u00ea\u015f bi wan re di qad\u00ean cuda y\u00ean jiyan\u00ea de h\u00een z\u00eadetir r\u00fb bi r\u00fb dim\u00eenin. Ev rew\u015fa propaganda, pol\u00eet\u00eeka \u00fb gotin\u00ean di medya \u00fb siyaset\u00ea de y\u00ean der bar\u00ea dijbertiya penaber \u00fb ko\u00e7beran de ne di be ku encameke di nava raya gel de r\u00ea li ber man\u00eepulasyon \u00fb dezenformasyon\u00ea vekiribe be. Me wek Spectrum Hous\u00ea, di rapora ku me li ser Nif\u015fa Z a Kurd we\u015fandiye de derxistib\u00fb hol\u00ea ku;&nbsp;<strong><em>ev rew\u015f bi gelemper\u00ee bi eleqe n\u00ee\u015fan nedana siyaset\u00ea ya be\u015fdaran re t\u00eakiliyeke w\u00ee ya mezin heye \u00fb mensub\u00ean v\u00ea nif\u015f\u00ea j\u00ee di mijar\u00ean wiha \u00fb wek van de helwesteke \u2018depol\u00eet\u00eek\u2019 n\u00ee\u015fan didin.<\/em><\/strong>&nbsp;Wek v\u00ea rapor\u00ea j\u00ee derxist\u00ee hol\u00ea di navbera be\u015fdaran de&nbsp;<strong><em>dema bi siyaset\u00ea re ele z\u00eade dibe z\u00eadeb\u00fbna meyla wan a der bar\u00ea maf\u00ea penaber \u00fb ko\u00e7beran \u00fb bi wan re t\u00eakil\u00ee gir\u00eadan\u00ea de mumkune ku bi v\u00ea re eleweder be.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">P\u00ca\u015eNIYAZ\u00caN&nbsp;JI BO POL\u00ceT\u00ceKAY\u00ca<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Der bar\u00ea t\u00eagihan \u00fb helwesta Nif\u015fa Z a Kurd a derbar\u00ea penaber \u00fb ko\u00e7beran de p\u00ea\u015fniyaz\u00ean ku di bin ronahiya n\u00fbve \u00fb nirxandin\u00ean me di v\u00ea rapor\u00ea de p\u00ea\u015fk\u00ea\u015f kir\u00ee de li j\u00ear hat\u00ee r\u00eazkirin ji bo kes\u00ean ku dikarin pol\u00eet\u00eekay\u00ea bi p\u00ea\u015f bix\u00eenin \u00fb ji aliy\u00ea&nbsp;rayagel a ku bi van pol\u00eet\u00eekayan bandordar b\u00fbne ve li ber \u00e7avan girtina w\u00ea ji bo me giring e.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Div\u00ea saziy\u00ean hukumet\u00ea \u00fb rayedar\u00ean partiy\u00ean muxalefet\u00ea \u00fb r\u00eaveber\u00ean xwecih\u00ee der bar\u00ea penaber \u00fb ko\u00e7ber \u00e7ima hatine Tirkiyey\u00ea, di k\u00eejan \u015fert \u00fb mercan de dij\u00een \u00fb dixebitin, statuya wan a ferm\u00ee \u00fb der bar\u00ea maf\u00ea wan de rayagel bi awayek\u00ee&nbsp;rast agahdar bikin.<\/li><li>Saziy\u00ean xwecih\u00ee \u00fb civaka siv\u00eel a navnetewey\u00ee, r\u00eaxistin\u00ean alikariya mirov\u00ee \u00fb r\u00eaveberiy\u00ean xwecih\u00ee div\u00ea akt\u00eev\u00eetey\u00ean sosyo\u00e7and\u00ee \u00fb sport\u00eef y\u00ean ku penaber \u00fb ko\u00e7beran bi civaka xwecih\u00ee re bi taybet j\u00ee bi nif\u015fa ciwan re t\u00eene ba hev p\u00eak b\u00eene. Dema v\u00ea p\u00eak t\u00eene j\u00ee div\u00ea mekan\u00eezmay\u00ean pi\u015ftgiriya sosyoekonom\u00eek \u00ean dikare b\u00eane me\u015fandin y\u00ean di navbera kom \u00fb kesan de ragihandin\u00ea \u00fb hevbandoriy\u00ea h\u00easan dike saz bike.<\/li><li>Div\u00ea di saziy\u00ean perwerdehiy\u00ea y\u00ean nif\u015fa ciwan di jiyana rojane de be\u015feke giring ya dema xwe li vir derbas dike de, mijar\u00ean wek\u00ee pernabert\u00ee \u00fb ko\u00e7ber\u00eet\u00ee \u00e7i ye,&nbsp;k\u00ee ji ber \u00e7i sedeman&nbsp;li Tirkiyey\u00ea \u00fb li welat\u00ean din disitirin an j\u00ee ko\u00e7 dikin, ev \u00e7i encam\u00ean sosyoekonom\u00eek, \u00e7and\u00ee \u00fb siyas\u00ee bi xwe re t\u00eene li bernamey\u00ean dersan b\u00eane z\u00eadekirin \u00fb n\u00eazikahiya li ser bingeha maf\u00ea mirovan \u00e7ima giring e \u00fb li her qad\u00ea hewcetiya sepandin\u00ea vegotin.<\/li><li>Wek v\u00ea di platform\u00ean medyaya civak\u00ee de n\u00eaz\u00eekahiya maf bingehe \u00e7i ye \u00fb ji bo maf \u00fb daxwaz\u00ean penaber, ko\u00e7ber \u00fb hemwelatiyan \u00e7ima hewcet\u00ee p\u00ea heye bi kampanyayeke berfireh ragihandina wan.<\/li><li>Li hember\u00ee t\u00eagihan \u00fb helwesta Nif\u015fa Z a Kurd a ku be\u015feke wan a gir\u00eeng beyan dikin ku ew \u00ea rey\u00ean xwe bidin HDP\u2019y\u00ea, ya der bar\u00ea n\u00eejanperst\u00ee, dijminkirin \u00fb cudakariya beraliy\u00ea penaber \u00fb ko\u00e7beran de, ji aliy\u00ea armanc, saz\u00eeb\u00fbna \u00fb hefef\u00ean HDP\u2019y\u00ea ve pol\u00eet\u00eeka bi p\u00ea\u015f ve birin. R\u00eagez, hedef \u00fb pol\u00eet\u00eekay\u00ean<sup><a href=\"#footnote-000\">5<\/a><\/sup>&nbsp;t\u00eako\u015f\u00een\u00ea y\u00ean ku ji bo ko\u00e7ber \u00fb milteciy\u00ean dervey\u00ee welat diyar kiriye li bajar\u00ean kurd \u00fb li metropol\u00ean Tirkiy\u00ea y\u00ean ku kurd bi gurah\u00ee l\u00ea dij\u00een de j\u00ee ji bo penaber \u00fb ko\u00e7beran sepandina wan.<\/li><li>HDP\u2019ya ku xwe wek\u00ee partiya siyas\u00ee ya ku; \u201cji bo hem\u00fb gel\u00ean bindest, keda wan t\u00ea xwarin; li derve t\u00eane hi\u015ftin \u00fb ji ned\u00eet\u00ee ve t\u00eane d\u00eetin \u00fb kom\u00ean baweriy\u00ea, jin, karker, kedkar, gund\u00ee, ciwan, b\u00eakar, malni\u015f\u00een, astengdar, kes\u00ean LGBT, ko\u00e7ber, kes\u00ean ku qad\u00ean wan \u00ean jiyan\u00ea hat\u00ee tehr\u00eepkirin, rew\u015fenb\u00eer, niv\u00eeskar, hunermend \u00fb mirov\u00ean zanist\u00ea \u00fb bi h\u00eaz\u00ean ku bi van hem\u00fb ba\u015fan re t\u00eako\u015f\u00een\u00ea dime\u015f\u00eenin re ji bo ji hol\u00ea rakirina her cure \u00e7ewisandin, kedxwarin \u00fb cudakar\u00ee b\u00ea rakirin \u00fb li gor\u00ee r\u00fbmeta mirovahiy\u00ea jiyanak\u00ea&nbsp;p\u00eak b\u00eenin \u00ean ku hatine ba hev j\u00ee hem\u00fb&nbsp;di nav de partiyeke siyas\u00ee ya ku \u00eektidara gel a demokrat\u00eek hedef digire ye\u201d t\u00ea p\u00eanasekirin, di nava civaka Kurd de r\u00eaxistina ku maf\u00ea penaber \u00fb ko\u00e7beran, daxwaz\u00ean wan \u00fb ji bo jiyaneke bi r\u00fbmet li xwecih\u00ee \u00fb bi awayek penaber \u00fb ko\u00e7beran j\u00ee di nava xwe de dihew\u00eene p\u00eakan\u00een; par\u00eazvaniya maf\u00ean penaber \u00fb ko\u00e7beran ten\u00ea ne di r\u00fbni\u015ftin\u00ean mecl\u00ees\u00ea \u00fb mecray\u00ean medyaya civak\u00ee de li der ve y\u00ee van j\u00ee rasterast bi civak \u00fb hilbij\u00ear\u00ean xwe re bi t\u00eakil\u00ee gir\u00eadan\u00ea bi hev re p\u00eakan\u00een.<\/li><li>Part\u00ee \u00fb aktor\u00ean dervey\u00ee desthilatiy\u00ea li ser nav\u00ea ji desthilatiya ku ji bo berjewendiy\u00ean xwe jiyana penaber \u00fb ko\u00e7beran dixin xeterey\u00ea \u201chesab pirs\u00een\u00ea\u201d \u00fb ji ber hilbijartin\u00ean ku n\u00eazik dibe heta ku mumkun be ji bo ku r\u00eajeya her\u00ee bilin a dengan bigirin div\u00ea dev ji dijbertiya penaber \u00fb ko\u00e7beran, ji ziman\u00ea nefrete \u00fb propagandaya \u015f\u00eedet\u00ea te\u015fw\u00eeq dike berdin. Hem desthilat\u00ee hem j\u00ee muxalefet di pol\u00eet\u00eekay\u00ean xwe y\u00ean bi armanca \u015fert \u00fb merc\u00ean ku jiyana penaber, ko\u00e7ber \u00fb hemwelatiyan di xeterey\u00ea de dih\u00ea ji hol\u00ea b\u00ea rakirin de div\u00ea ji div\u00eatiya maf\u00ean mirovan \u00ean bingeh\u00een \u00fb zagon\u00ean navnetewey\u00ee \u00fb peymanan p\u00eak an\u00een\u00ea em\u00een bin.<\/li><li>Panel, sempozyum, konferans \u00fb komxebat\u00ean ku pispor\u00ean mijar\u00ea t\u00ea de cih digirin p\u00eak an\u00een, di v\u00ea mijar\u00ea de pirsgir\u00eak\u00ean bingeh\u00een \u00ean wek\u00ee stir\u00eena penaber \u00fb ko\u00e7beran, h\u00easankirina p\u00eavajoy\u00ean entegrasyon\u00ea, ji xizmet\u00ean ziman\u00ea day\u00ee heta \u00e7and \u00fb a\u015fitiya civak\u00ee p\u00eakan\u00eena hestiyariy\u00ea \u00fb j\u00eahaydarb\u00fbn\u00ea.<\/li><li>Di mijara penaber \u00fb ko\u00e7beran de ji rist \u00fb derfet\u00ean r\u00eavebiriy\u00ean xwecih\u00ee \u00eest\u00eefade kirin, di v\u00ea mijar\u00ea de bi z\u00eadekirina erk\u00ea \u00fb veguhestina \u00e7avkaniy\u00ean mal\u00ee p\u00eakan\u00eena \u00e7areseriy\u00ea h\u00easankirin. Ji ceribandin\u00ean p\u00eavajoy\u00ean ku civak\u00ean ku v\u00ea jiyane, r\u00eaveberiy\u00ean xwecih\u00ee \u00fb civaka ciwarb\u00fby\u00ee y\u00ean wek v\u00ea s\u00fbdwergirin.<\/li><li>Di mijar\u00ean ku bi penaber \u00fb ko\u00e7beran re eleqedar in, ji bo ku gav\u00ean bi bandor \u00fb encamgir b\u00ea av\u00eatin bi wan dah\u00eelkirina nava xebatan guhdar\u00eekirin \u00fb fehmkirina ceribandin\u00ean wan.<\/li><li>Li hember dijminatiya k\u00een, nefret, wek y\u00ean din d\u00eetin \u00fb biyan\u00eetiy\u00ea de zanedarkirina civak\u00ea, p\u00ea\u015f\u00eel\u00eagirtina man\u00eepulasyon \u00fb dezenformasyon\u00ea, di v\u00ea mijar\u00ea de girtina tedb\u00eer\u00ean hiquq\u00ee y\u00ean t\u00eaxilker.<\/li><li>Di mijar\u00ean maf \u00fb statuya hiquq\u00ee de rojanekirina ceribandin\u00ean qiyaskirin\u00ean karekter\u00ean gerd\u00fbn\u00ee dikirp\u00eene derxistina p\u00ea\u015f. Bi ser civak\u00ean ku ceribandin\u00ean wek van jiyane re hest\u00ean empatiy\u00ea bip\u00ea\u015fxistin, tedb\u00eer\u00ean ku dikare p\u00ea\u015f\u00ee li pol\u00eet\u00eeka \u00fb demhuman\u00eezasyona d\u00eekekirin\u00ea \u00fb dijminkirin\u00ea bigire.<\/li><li>Di mijara ko\u00e7 \u00fb penaberan de gav\u00ean ku cih nade cudakar\u00ee \u00fb man\u00eepulasyon\u00ean kom\u00ean n\u00eejadperest av\u00eatin, wek kom\u00ean ku ji heb\u00fbna penaber \u00fb ko\u00e7beran aciz dibe ne, wek komeke di nava yek\u00eet\u00ee \u00fb aramiy\u00ea de dij\u00een be, d\u00eetin.<\/li><li>Di ser\u00ee de be\u015f\u00ean cuda y\u00ean civak\u00ea t\u00ea de di mijara ko\u00e7 \u00fb penaberan de rast agah\u00eedarkirina civaka Kurd \u00fb endam\u00ean Nif\u015fa Z, bi daxwaz \u00fb fikar\u00ean wan j\u00ee li ber \u00e7avan girtin\u00ea di mijara maf\u00ea bingeh\u00een \u00fb azadiyan de hestiyar\u00ee \u00fb j\u00eahaydarb\u00fbn\u00eeya wan bip\u00ea\u015fvexistin.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u00c7avkan\u00ee<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"font-size:11px\">AA. (2017). Ba\u015fbakan Yard\u0131mc\u0131s\u0131 Akda\u011f: Suriyeliler i\u00e7in harcanan toplam maliyet 84 milyar 880. https:\/\/www.aa.com.tr\/tr\/ekonomi\/basbakan-yardimcisi-akdag-suriyeliler-icin-harcanan-toplam-maliyet-84-milyar-880-milyon-lira\/990509<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"font-size:11px\">Acar, S., Bilen Kazanc\u0131k, L., Meydan, M. C., ve I\u015f\u0131k, M. (2019). \u0130llerin ve b\u00f6lgelerin sosyo-ekonomik geli\u015fmi\u015flik s\u0131ralamas\u0131 ara\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131 SEGE-2017. Kalk\u0131nma Ajanslar\u0131 Genel M\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc. https:\/\/www.sanayi.gov.tr\/merkez-birimi\/b94224510b7b\/sege\/il-sege-raporlari<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"font-size:11px\">Arendt, H. (1968). The Origins of Totalitarianism. New York: Harcourt Brace Jovanich.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"font-size:11px\">Ar\u0131san, M. (2022). Populism, victimhood and Turkish foreign policy under AKP rule. Turkish Studies, 1\u201320. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/14683849.2022.2106131<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"font-size:11px\">Broadbent, . E., Gougoulis, J., Lui, N., Pota, V., ve Simons, J. (2017). Generation Z: Global Citizenship Survey January 2017. Varkey Foundation. https:\/\/www.varkeyfoundation.org\/media\/4487\/global-young-people-report-single-pages-new.pdf<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"font-size:11px\">Chieppa, L. M. (2021). Gender Equality and Attitudes towards Immigrants in Europe: A Cross-national Analysis. The Barcelona Centre for European Studies (BACES). https:\/\/repositori.upf.edu\/bitstream\/handle\/10230\/49117\/BACES_WP_04-2021_%20Chieppa.pdf?sequence=1&amp;isAllowed=y<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"font-size:11px\">Cumhuriyet. (2022). CHP&#8217;li Toprak: Suriyelilerin T\u00fcrkiye\u2019ye faturas\u0131 50 de\u011fil 250 milyar. https:\/\/www.cumhuriyet.com.tr\/turkiye\/chpli-toprak-suriyelilerin-turkiyeye-faturasi-50-degil-250-milyar-1928102<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"font-size:11px\">\u00c7akmakl\u0131, C., Demiralp, S., Ye\u015filta\u015f, S., &amp; Y\u0131ld\u0131r\u0131m, M. A. (2021). An Evaluation of the Turkish Economy during COVID-19. Centre for Applied Turkey Studies. https:\/\/www.swp-berlin.org\/publications\/products\/arbeitspapiere\/CATS__Working_Paper_Nr_1_2021_Cakmakli_Demiralp_Yesiltas_Yildirim.pdf<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"font-size:11px\">Da\u015fl\u0131, G., Al\u0131c\u0131, N., ve Flader, U. (2016). Kad\u0131nlar\u0131n Bar\u0131\u015f M\u00fccadelesinde D\u00fcnya Deneyimleri S\u0131rbistan, Kosova, Sri Lanka, Suriye. Ankara: DEMOS Ara\u015ft\u0131rma Merkezi Yay\u0131nlar\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"font-size:11px\">Deloitte. (2022). Striving for balance, advocating for change: The Deloitte Global 2022 Gen Z &amp; Millennial Survey. Deloitte. https:\/\/www2.deloitte.com\/content\/dam\/Deloitte\/global\/Documents\/deloitte-2022-genz-millennial-survey.pdf<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"font-size:11px\">Duman, Y. (2021a). Friendship, Diversity, and Inequality: A multidimensional analysis of integration and intergroup relations in the context of Syrian refugees in Turkey [Unpublished doctoral dissertation]. Coventry University.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"font-size:11px\">Duman, Y. (2021b). In Turkey, life for Syrian refugees and Kurds is becoming increasingly violent. The Conversation. https:\/\/theconversation.com\/in-turkey-life-for-syrian-refugees-and-kurds-is-becoming-increasingly-violent-147704<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"font-size:11px\">Duman, Y. (2022). Sonu Gelmeyecek Bir Hik\u00e2ye Yazmak: Suriyeli S\u0131\u011f\u0131nmac\u0131lar ve Yerel Toplum \u0130\u00e7in Politika \u00d6nerileri. \u0130stanbul: Spectrum House.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"font-size:11px\">Duman, Y. ve G\u00fcm\u00fc\u015fba\u015f, A. (2022, 6 A\u011fustos). S\u0131\u011f\u0131nmac\u0131lar\u0131n haklara sahip olma hakk\u0131n\u0131n ink\u00e2r\u0131. \u0130nsan Haklar\u0131 Okulu Blog. https:\/\/blog.insanhaklariokulu.org\/siginmacilarin-haklara-sahip-olma-hakkinin-inkari\/<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"font-size:11px\">Duvar. (2022). Kad\u0131n \u00f6rg\u00fctleri: G\u00f6\u00e7menlere sald\u0131rmak i\u00e7in bizi kullanmay\u0131n. https:\/\/www.gazeteduvar.com.tr\/kadin-orgutleri-gocmenlere-saldirmak-icin-bizi-kullanmayin-haber-1565811<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"font-size:11px\">Erdo\u011fan, M. M. (2017). Suriyeliler Barometresi: \u2018Suriyelilerle Uyum \u0130\u00e7inde Ya\u015fam\u0131n \u00c7er\u00e7evesi\u2019. 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(2017). \u0130Y\u0130 Partili \u00d6zda\u011f, Suriyeli m\u00fcltecilerin ger\u00e7ek maliyetinin 80 milyar dolar\u0131n \u00fczerinde oldu\u011funu iddia etti. https:\/\/www.indyturk.com\/node\/222946\/siyaset\/iyi-partili-%C3%B6zda%C4%9F-suriyeli-m%C3%BCltecilerin-ger%C3%A7ek-maliyetinin-80-milyar-dolar%C4%B1n<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"font-size:11px\">Judd, C. M., &amp; Park, B. (2005). Group Differences and Stereotype Accuracy. \u0130\u00e7inde J. F. Dovidio, P. Glick, &amp; L. Rudman (Eds.), On the Nature of Prejudice: Fifty Years after Allport (pp. 136\u2013151). Blackwell Publishing.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"font-size:11px\">Kangas, A., Haider, H., and Fraser, E. (2014). Gender: Topic Guide. Revised edition with E. Browne. Birmingham: GSDRC, University of Birmingham, UK.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"font-size:11px\">Konrad-Adenauer-Stiftung. (2022). 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(2022). \u0130lk kez oy kullanacak se\u00e7menlere soruldu. https:\/\/orcarastirma.com.tr\/port-folio\/ilk-kez-oy-kullanacak-secmenlere-soruldu\/<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"font-size:11px\">\u00d6zdemir, Y. (2020). AKP\u2019s neoliberal populism and contradictions of new social policies in Turkey. Contemporary Politics, 26(3), 245\u2013267. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/13569775.2020.1720891<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"font-size:11px\">Ponce, A. (2017). Gender and Anti-immigrant Attitudes in Europe. Socius: Sociological Research for a Dynamic World, 3, 237802311772997. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/2378023117729970<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"font-size:11px\">Rehavio\u011flu, R., U\u00e7ak, E., Ekinci, Y., &amp; Girasun, R. (2022). K\u00fcrtlerde De\u011ferler ve Tutumlar Ara\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131 2021. Diyarbak\u0131r: K\u00fcrt \u00c7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 Merkezi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"font-size:11px\">Schneider, S. L. (2008). Anti-immigrant attitudes in Europe: Outgroup size and perceived ethnic threat. European Sociological Review, 24(1), 53-67.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"font-size:11px\">Semyonov, M., Raijman, R., &amp; Gorodzeisky, A. (2006). The Rise of Anti-foreigner Sentiment in European Societies, 1988\u20132000. American Sociological Review, 71(3), 426\u2013449. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/000312240607100304<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"font-size:11px\">Simon, B. (1992). The Perception of Ingroup and Outgroup Homogeneity: Reintroducing the Intergroup Context. European Review of Social Psychology, 3(1), 1\u201330. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/14792779243000005<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"font-size:11px\">Sonmez, M. (2019). Suriyelilere 40 milyar dolar harcand\u0131 m\u0131? Al-Monitor. https:\/\/www.al-monitor.com\/tr\/contents\/articles\/originals\/2019\/10\/turkey-syria-40-billion-refugee-bill-calls-for-explanation.html<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"font-size:11px\">sparks &amp; honey. (2020). Gen Z Complexities: You&#8217;ve Only Heard Half The Story. sparks &amp; honey. https:\/\/www.sparksandhoney.com\/reports-list\/2022\/4\/12\/gen-z-complexities<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"font-size:11px\">Spectrum House. (2022). K\u00fcrt Z Ku\u015fa\u011f\u0131. Spectrum House. http:\/\/spectrumhouse.com.tr\/kurt-z-kusagi\/<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"font-size:11px\">\u015ear, E. &amp; Kuru, N. (2020). \u0130stanbul\u2019da Suriyeli S\u0131\u011f\u0131nmac\u0131lara Y\u00f6nelik Tutumlar. \u0130stanbul: \u0130stanPoll.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"font-size:11px\">Tajfel, H. (Ed.). (1978). Differentiation between social groups: Studies in the social psychology of intergroup relations. Academic Press.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"font-size:11px\">T\u00dc\u0130K (2022). \u0130statstklerle Gen\u00e7lk, 2021. https:\/\/data.tuik.gov.tr\/Bulten\/Index?p=Istatistiklerle-Genclik-2021-45634<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"font-size:11px\">T\u00dc\u0130K. (2022). Toplumsal Cinsiyet \u0130statistikleri 2021. T\u00fcrkiye \u0130statistik Kurumu. https:\/\/www.tuik.gov.tr\/media\/announcements\/toplumsal_cinsiyet_istatistikleri_2021.pdf<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"font-size:11px\">T\u00fcmta\u015f, M. S. (2020). N\u00f6betle\u015fe D\u0131\u015flanma: G\u00f6\u00e7 ve Sosyal D\u0131\u015flanma D\u00f6ng\u00fcs\u00fc. \u0130stanbul: \u0130leti\u015fim Yay\u0131nlar\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"font-size:11px\">UNHCR. (2022). Turkey Facts. https:\/\/www.unhcr.org\/tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/14\/2022\/03\/UNHCR-Turkey-Factsheet-February-2022.pdf<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"font-size:11px\">World Bank. (2022). Military expenditure (% of GDP) \u2013 Turkiye. https:\/\/data.worldbank.org\/indicator\/MS.MIL.XPND.GD.ZS?locations=TR<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"font-size:11px\">Y\u0131lmaz, B. &amp; Uluda\u011f G\u00fcler, \u00c7. (2020a). T\u00fcrkiye\u2019deki Suriyeli g\u00f6\u00e7menlerin istihdam\u0131na Y ve Z ku\u015fa\u011f\u0131n\u0131n bak\u0131\u015f\u0131: Bir alan ara\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131. Trakya \u00dcniversitesi \u0130ktisadi ve \u0130dari Bilimler Fak\u00fcltesi E-Dergi, 9(1), 21-42.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"font-size:11px\">Zengin, H. and Ongur, H. O. (2019). How sovereign is a populist? The nexus between populism and political economy of the AKP. Turkish Studies, 1\u201318.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\" \/>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"#footnote-004-backlink\">1<\/a>. Bi L\u00eakol\u00eena KONDAy\u00ea ya 2020\u2019\u00ee de \u00e7\u00eakir\u00ee re ragihaniya online p\u00eak nay\u00ea, l\u00ea bel\u00ea mirov dikare bi v\u00ea l\u00eenk\u00ea: https:\/\/www.krttv.com.tr\/gundem\/konda-dan-z-kusagi-arastirmasi-h39704.html xwe bigih\u00eene hevpeyv\u00eena Bekir Agardir\u00ea Ger\u00eenendey\u00ea Gelemper\u00ee y\u00ea KONDAy\u00ea ye.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"#footnote-003-backlink\">2<\/a>. Wek ya din bi l\u00eakol\u00eena ku Yoneylem\u00ea di 2022\u2019yan de \u00e7\u00eakir\u00ee re j\u00ee bi awayek\u00ee online mirov nikare ragihan\u00ee p\u00eak b\u00eene. L\u00ea bel\u00ea mirov dikare bi v\u00ea l\u00eenk\u00ea<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"#footnote-002-backlink\">3<\/a>. Dema mirov bi peyva kil\u00eed a \u201cNif\u015fa Z\u201d t\u00eakeve nava daney\u00ean Navenda T\u00eaz\u00ea ya YOK\u00ea, t\u00ea d\u00eetin ku ji sala 2016\u2019an vir ve (Ji T\u00eermeha 2022\u2019yan p\u00eave) piraniya wan \u00ean l\u00eesansa bilind bi tevah\u00ee 128 t\u00eaz hat\u00ee niv\u00ees\u00een.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"#footnote-001-backlink\">4<\/a>. Ji bil\u00ee Afxan\u00ean ku li nav\u00e7ey\u00ean diyar \u00ean Wan\u00ea bi avakirina gund\u00ean Afxanan hat\u00ee bicihkirin \u00fb be\u015fek ji wan wek cerdevan hatine peywirdarkirin.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"#footnote-000-backlink\">5<\/a>. H\u00fbn dikarin bi v\u00ea l\u00eenk\u00ea xwe bigih\u00eenin R\u00eaziknameya Partiya Gel a Demokrat\u00eek a 2014\u2019an: https:\/\/hdp.org.tr\/tr\/parti-tuzugu\/10\/<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Ev xebata me ya li ser d\u00eenam\u00eek\u00ean ku n\u00ear\u00een\u00ean Nif\u015fa Z a Kurd \u00ean ji aliy\u00ea ko\u00e7ber \u00fb penaberan ve der bar\u00ea \u201cxer\u00eeban\u201d \u00fb \u201cji bo \u00ean din\u201d \u015fikil didin endam\u00ean v\u00ea nif\u015f\u00ea disekine, hewl dide ku plana civak\u00ee, \u00e7and\u00ee \u00fb ps\u00eekoloj\u00eek a li pi\u015ft\u00ee v\u00ea ya der bar\u00ea t\u00eakil\u00ee, meyl, t\u00eagihan \u00fb helwesta eleqedar\u00ea van koman in derx\u00eene hol\u00ea. N\u00fbvey\u00ean l\u00eakol\u00eene bi pirs\u00ean der bar\u00ea penaber \u00fb ko\u00e7beran ve gir\u00eaday\u00ee bi p\u00eanc serniv\u00ees\u00ean bingeh\u00een ve t\u00ea l\u00eakol\u00eenkirin. 1-Dest\u00fbra ciwarb\u00fbn\u00ea, 2-Bandora aboriy\u00ea 3-Bi pa\u015f ve hatin \u015fandin 4- Hemwelat\u00eeb\u00fbn 5- T\u00eakiliy\u00ean civak\u00ee.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2578,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[7],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2520","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-saha-arastirmalari"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/spectrumhouse.com.tr\/ku\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2520","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/spectrumhouse.com.tr\/ku\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/spectrumhouse.com.tr\/ku\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/spectrumhouse.com.tr\/ku\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/spectrumhouse.com.tr\/ku\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2520"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/spectrumhouse.com.tr\/ku\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2520\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3504,"href":"https:\/\/spectrumhouse.com.tr\/ku\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2520\/revisions\/3504"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/spectrumhouse.com.tr\/ku\/wp-json\/"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/spectrumhouse.com.tr\/ku\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2520"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/spectrumhouse.com.tr\/ku\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2520"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/spectrumhouse.com.tr\/ku\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2520"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}